In his brief ministerial career, John Stuart, third Earl of Bute, undertook a project to remake how the king's ministers would perform. Eschewing the personal power accorded to ministers like William Pitt and the Duke of Newcastle under George II, Bute and the young King George III attempted to reform the cabinet into a place of debate, unity, and resolution where administration was shared by all ministers equally. In this they were following the moral and aesthetic sensibilities of the age into a new form of political arrangements, adapting the 1688 settlement into a structure capable of administering territorial empire so long as one did not look too closely at issues of sovereignty or representation. The seemingly small and inconsistently applied shift nonetheless had enormous consequences as it shaped the hemisphere-defining policies of Bute's ministry: the Treaty of Paris of 1763 and the Royal Proclamation of 1763 that followed close on its heels. While historical accounts of Britain's 1763–83 imperial crisis tend to focus on the revenue schemes of 1764–65 as the primary origin point for conflict, Bute's “cabinet revolution” played a larger role than has generally been acknowledged in setting the stage for grander visions of imperial power and the larger protests over that power.

中文翻译：

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“制度的精确结合”：布特的内阁革命和帝国改革，1762-63 年


在他短暂的部长生涯中，第三代布特伯爵约翰·斯图尔特 （John Stuart） 承担了一个项目，以重塑国王的大臣们的表现。布特和年轻的国王乔治三世摒弃了乔治二世时期赋予威廉·皮特和纽卡斯尔公爵等大臣的个人权力，试图将内阁改革成一个辩论、团结和决议的地方，所有部长平等地分享管理权。在这方面，他们遵循那个时代的道德和审美情感，进入一种新的政治安排形式，将 1688 年的定居点改编成一个能够管理领土帝国的结构，只要人们不太仔细地关注主权或代表问题。这个看似微小且应用不一致的转变却产生了巨大的影响，因为它塑造了布特事工定义半球的政策：1763 年的《巴黎条约》和 1763 年的《皇家公告》。虽然对英国 1763-83 年帝国危机的历史记载往往集中在 1764-65 年的收入计划上，这是冲突的主要根源，但布特的“内阁革命”在为更宏大的帝国权力愿景和对该权力的更大规模抗议奠定基础方面发挥了比一般人认为的更大的作用。