"Loyalty trials" are common to a range of conflict settings, with consequences that range from harassment to imprisonment, torture, or death. Yet, they have received little if any attention as a general phenomenon in studies of state repression, civil war, or rebel governance, which focus on particular behaviors that authorities use to put people on trial, such as dissent, defection, and resistance. Using a computational model and data on the German Democratic Republic and the Occupied Palestinian Territories, we focus on the dynamics of "loyalty trials" held to identify enemy collaborators-the interaction between expectations, perceptions, and behavior. We use our framework to explore the conditions under which trials result in widespread defection, as in the German Democratic Republic, or in conformity as illustrated by our study of the Occupied Palestinian Territories. The polarizing nature of loyalty trials and the propensity to over- or under-identify threats to political order have notable implications for democratic and non-democratic societies alike.

中文翻译：

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忠诚度审判如何塑造对政治秩序的忠诚。


“忠诚审判”在一系列冲突环境中很常见，其后果从骚扰到监禁、酷刑或死亡不等。然而，在国家镇压、内战或叛乱治理的研究中，它们作为一种普遍现象很少受到关注，这些研究侧重于当局用来审判人们的特定行为，例如异见、叛逃和抵抗。使用关于德意志民主共和国和巴勒斯坦被占领土的计算模型和数据，我们专注于为识别敌方合作者而举行的“忠诚度审判”的动态——期望、看法和行为之间的互动。我们使用我们的框架来探索审判导致广泛叛逃的条件，如德意志民主共和国，或符合我们对巴勒斯坦被占领土的研究所说明的。忠诚审判的两极分化性质以及高估或低估对政治秩序的威胁的倾向，对民主和非民主社会都有显著的影响。