Correlated photon-pair sources are key components for quantum computing, networking, synchronization, and sensing applications. Integrated photonics has enabled chip-scale sources using nonlinear processes, producing high-rate time–energy and polarization entanglement at telecom wavelengths with sub-100 microwatt pump power. Many quantum systems operate in the visible or near-infrared ranges, necessitating visible-telecom entangled-pair sources for connecting remote systems via entanglement swapping and teleportation. This study evaluates biphoton pair generation and time–energy entanglement through spontaneous four-wave mixing in various nonlinear integrated photonic materials, including silicon nitride, lithium niobate, aluminum gallium arsenide, indium gallium phosphide, and gallium nitride. We demonstrate how geometric dispersion engineering facilitates phase-matching for each platform and reveals unexpected results, such as robust designs to fabrication variations and a Type-1 cross-polarized phase-matching condition for III–V materials that expands the operational wavelength range.

中文翻译：

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使用集成光子学生成可见光电信纠缠光子对：指南和材料比较


相关光子对源是量子计算、网络、同步和传感应用的关键组件。集成光子学使使用非线性工艺的芯片级光源成为可能，以低于 100 微瓦的泵浦功率在电信波长上产生高速时间能量和偏振纠缠。许多量子系统在可见光或近红外范围内运行，因此需要可见光-电信纠缠对源，以便通过纠缠交换和隐形传态来连接远程系统。本研究评估了各种非线性集成光子材料（包括氮化硅、铌酸锂、砷化铝镓、磷化铟镓和氮化镓）中通过自发四波混合产生的双光子对和时间能量纠缠。我们展示了几何色散工程如何促进每个平台的相位匹配并揭示意想不到的结果，例如针对制造变化的稳健设计以及 III-V 材料的 1 型交叉极化相位匹配条件，从而扩大了工作波长范围。