To date, orbital angular momentum (OAM) and electro-optical frequency combs (EOFCs) are two distinct fields of research without too much association. Herein, we generated the OAM-EOFCs by applying electro-optic phase modulation to the OAM beam. We verified the OAM characteristic of the EOFCs’ sidebands and demonstrated the dispersion-induced spiral fringe rotation in the interference process. Leveraging the optical rotational Doppler effect of the OAM beam and the intermode beat signal of EOFCs, we achieved rotational speed measurement and absolute distance measurement using a single OAM-EOFC. We also demonstrated, for the first time, the simultaneous measurement of rotational speed and absolute distance of rough objects by tuning the repetition rate of EOFCs. Leveraging the large scanning range of the repetition rate of OAM-EOFC’s high-order sidebands of the OAM-EOFC, we obtained an Allan deviation of distance measurement as low as 570.12 μm at an averaged time of 3.87 s under a distance of 17.1664 m, while the error of rotational speed measurement is down to 0.44%. Our study bridges two distinct research fields, EOFCs and OAM, opening the door to various fundamental research avenues and applications, including large-capacity optical communications, high-security optical encryption, and multidimensional photon entanglement.

中文翻译：

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承载轨道角动量的电光频率梳


迄今为止，轨道角动量 （OAM） 和电光频率梳 （EOFC） 是两个不同的研究领域，没有太多关联。在此，我们通过对 OAM 光束应用电光相位调制来生成 OAM-EOFC。我们验证了 EOFC 边带的 OAM 特性，并演示了干扰过程中色散诱导的螺旋条纹旋转。利用 OAM 光束的光学旋转多普勒效应和 EOFC 的模间拍动信号，我们使用单个 OAM-EOFC 实现了转速测量和绝对距离测量。我们还首次展示了通过调整 EOFC 的重复频率来同时测量粗糙物体的转速和绝对距离。利用OAM-EOFC高阶边带重复率的大扫描范围，在17.1664 m的距离下，在平均时间为3.87 s的情况下，我们获得了低至570.12 μm的距离测量Allan偏差，而转速测量的误差降低到0.44%。我们的研究将 EOFC 和 OAM 两个不同的研究领域联系起来，为各种基础研究途径和应用打开了大门，包括大容量光通信、高安全性光加密和多维光子纠缠。