Indole-3-propionic acid (IPA) has anti-inflammatory properties, which can be beneficial for weaned piglets with underdeveloped immune systems. The study explores the impact of IPA supplementation on growth performance, oxidative stress, and inflammation response in weaned piglets. In Exp. 1, 90 weaned piglets were divided into six groups (5 replicates per group, 3 pigs per replicate), with each group receiving a basal diet with varying amounts of IPA (0, 50, 100, 200, 400, or 600 mg/kg) for 42 d. Piglets fed the diets with 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg of IPA exhibited reduced feed conversion ratios (F:G) compared to the control piglets (P = 0.035). Notably, 50 and 100 mg/kg IPA treatments significantly reduced diarrhea incidence and serum interleukin (IL)-6 content (P < 0.05). Conversely, a high dosage of 600 mg/kg IPA led to increased serum contents of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and IL-6 (P < 0.05). Optimal antioxidant benefits were observed at 100 mg/kg IPA supplementation, which significantly reduced malondialdehyde levels while enhancing serum total antioxidant capacity and total superoxide dismutase activity on d 14 (P < 0.05). Exp. 2 investigated the effects of IPA on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) challenge in weaned piglets. The study consisted of 32 weaned piglets allocated into 4 groups, with 8 replicates per group and 1 piglet per replicate: a control group, a LPS challenge group, a LPS challenge group supplemented with 100 mg/kg IPA, and a group supplemented with 100 mg/kg IPA alone. Upon administration of LPS or saline injection, the results indicated that dietary IPA supplementation in challenged piglets enhanced villus height: crypt depth, modulated IL-8 and IL-22 mRNA relative expression, and increased the tight junction protein claudin-1 mRNA relative expression in the intestinal mucosa (P < 0.05). These findings suggest that dietary supplementation of IPA at specific concentrations significantly improves growth performance, reduces diarrhea incidence, and mitigates inflammation and oxidative stress in weaned piglets. It may be concluded that incorporating IPA into the diet of weaned piglets can effectively improve their health and development.

中文翻译：

---

吲哚-3-丙酸通过调节断奶仔猪的氧化还原状态和肠道炎症来提高生长性能并减少腹泻


吲哚-3-丙酸 （IPA） 具有抗炎特性，对免疫系统不发达的断奶仔猪有益。该研究探讨了补充 IPA 对断奶仔猪生长性能、氧化应激和炎症反应的影响。在实验 1 中，将 90 头断奶仔猪分为 6 组（每组 5 个重复，每个重复 3 头猪），每组接受不同量 IPA （0、50、100、200、400 或 600 mg/kg） 的基础日粮，持续 42 天。与对照仔猪相比，饲喂 50、100 和 200 mg/kg IPA 的仔猪饲料转化率 （F：G） 降低 （P = 0.035）。值得注意的是，50 和 100 mg/kg IPA 处理显著降低腹泻发生率和血清白细胞介素 （IL）-6 含量 （P < 0.05）。相反，高剂量 600 mg/kg IPA 导致血清肿瘤坏死因子 （TNF）-α 和 IL-6 含量增加 （P < 0.05）。在第 14 天添加 100 mg/kg IPA 时观察到最佳的抗氧化效果，显著降低丙二醛水平，同时提高血清总抗氧化能力和总超氧化物歧化酶活性 （P < 0.05）。实验 2 研究了 IPA 对断奶仔猪脂多糖 （LPS） 攻击的影响。该研究包括 32 头断奶仔猪，分为 4 组，每组 8 个重复，每个重复 1 头仔猪：对照组、LPS 攻击组、补充 100 mg/kg IPA 的 LPS 攻击组和单独添加 100 mg/kg IPA 的组。 注射 LPS 或生理盐水后，结果表明，在攻毒仔猪中补充 IPA 可提高绒毛高度：隐窝深度，调节 IL-8 和 IL-22 mRNA 相对表达，并增加肠粘膜中紧密连接蛋白 claudin-1 mRNA 的相对表达 （P < 0.05）。这些发现表明，日粮中添加特定浓度的 IPA 可显著提高断奶仔猪的生长性能，降低腹泻发生率，并减轻炎症和氧化应激。可以得出结论，在断奶仔猪的饮食中加入 IPA 可以有效改善其健康和发育。