This qualitative study examined the child care usage, preferences, and access constraints experienced by diverse parents and primary caregivers in New Mexico in 2020 and 2021. It also investigated the accommodations or compromises families made in response to constraints. Recruitment focused on families with at least one child under age five in four groups of interest: Native Americans, Spanish speakers, Asian immigrants, and African and Middle Eastern refugees. The study found substantial commonalities across the groups, in that all struggled to access child care that they perceived as both affordable and high quality. Difficulties with transportation and finding care available during non-traditional hours emerged as challenges across populations. Families expressed distinct child care challenges and preferences grounded in their cultures, with Native American caregivers reporting limited care options for infants and toddlers on tribal lands, and a desire for care based in indigenous language and practices to help stem systemic cultural loss. Spanish speakers reported fewer access constraints than immigrant and refugee populations who spoke other languages, due in part to the widespread use of Spanish in New Mexico's communities and care settings. Families who did not speak English or Spanish described linguistic access barriers and expressed preferences for linguistically and culturally concordant care, including care that would provide foods and care grounded in Muslim culture. Findings have implications for policymakers seeking to incentivize and support a child care supply that will meet the needs of diverse families.

中文翻译：

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新墨西哥州美洲原住民、移民、难民和西班牙语家庭的托儿服务使用、偏好和访问限制


这项定性研究调查了 2020 年和 2021 年新墨西哥州不同父母和主要照顾者所经历的托儿服务使用情况、偏好和访问限制。它还调查了家庭为应对限制而做出的妥协或妥协。招募的重点是至少有一个 5 岁以下儿童的家庭，分为四个感兴趣的群体：美洲原住民、讲西班牙语的人、亚洲移民以及非洲和中东难民。该研究发现，这些群体之间存在很大的共同点，即所有人都在努力获得他们认为既负担得起又高质量的托儿服务。在非传统时间交通和寻找护理的困难成为各人群面临的挑战。家庭表达了基于其文化的不同儿童护理挑战和偏好，美国原住民看护人报告说，部落土地上婴幼儿的护理选择有限，并且希望以土著语言和习俗为基础的护理，以帮助遏制系统性文化损失。讲西班牙语的人报告说，与说其他语言的移民和难民相比，访问限制更少，部分原因是西班牙语在新墨西哥州的社区和护理机构中广泛使用。不会说英语或西班牙语的家庭描述了语言访问障碍，并表达了对语言和文化一致的护理的偏好，包括提供基于穆斯林文化的食物和护理的护理。研究结果对寻求激励和支持满足不同家庭需求的托儿服务供应的政策制定者具有意义。