Combining different metals has proven to be an effective methodology for fabricating electrodes that can manipulate reduction products in electrochemical (EC) CO2 reduction. In this study, CuSn and EC treated CuSn were surface-modified with Ag via sputter deposition. EC CO2 reduction was performed at various applied potentials in KHCO3, K2CO3, and KOH electrolytes. The effects of cations and anions were tested to examine the variation in reduction products. The major reduction products were H2 and C1 compounds (CO, CH4, formate), as well as C2 compounds (C2H4, ethanol, and acetate). Minor products included C1 compounds (methanol), C2 compounds (acetaldehyde and glycolaldehyde), and C3+ compounds (propanol and isopropanol), along with C2H6 and C3+ hydrocarbon products. The variation of C2+ hydrocarbons was explained by Fischer-Tropsch (F-T) chemistry. The oxidation states of Cu and Sn, as well as the Cu/Sn ratios, were examined before and after EC CO2 reduction using depth-profiled X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The experimental factors—catalyst composition, applied potential, and electrolyte composition—interacted to create a complex reaction environment. This combined approach provides valuable insights into identifying optimal conditions for achieving desired product selectivity.

中文翻译：

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Ag/CuSn 电极上的电催化 CO2 还原：C1、C2 和 C3+ 产物的调制


结合不同的金属已被证明是制造电极的有效方法，这些电极可以在电化学 （EC） CO2 还原中操纵还原产物。在本研究中，CuSn 和 EC 处理的 CuSn 通过溅射沉积用 Ag 进行表面改性。在 KHCO3、K2CO3 和 KOH 电解质中以各种电位进行 EC CO2 还原。测试阳离子和阴离子的影响以检查还原产物的变化。主要还原产物为 H2 和 C1 化合物 （CO、CH4、甲酸盐） 以及 C2 化合物 （C2H4、乙醇和乙酸盐）。次要产品包括 C1 化合物（甲醇）、C2 化合物（乙醛和乙醛）和 C3+ 化合物（丙醇和异丙醇），以及 C2H6 和 C3+ 烃类产品。C2+ 烃类的变化由 Fischer-Tropsch （F-T） 化学解释。使用深度剖面 X 射线光电子能谱检查 EC CO2 还原前后 Cu 和 Sn 的氧化态以及 Cu/Sn 比率。实验因素（催化剂组成、施加电位和电解质组成）相互作用，形成复杂的反应环境。这种组合方法为确定实现所需产品选择性的最佳条件提供了有价值的见解。