GRB 240529A: A Tale of Two Shocks,The Astrophysical Journal Letters

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GRB 240529A: A Tale of Two Shocks
The Astrophysical Journal Letters ( IF 8.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-21 , DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ad85da
Tian-Rui Sun, Jin-Jun Geng, Jing-Zhi Yan, You-Dong Hu, Xue-Feng Wu, Alberto J. Castro-Tirado, Chao Yang, Yi-Ding Ping, Chen-Ran Hu, Fan Xu, Hao-Xuan Gao, Ji-An Jiang, Yan-Tian Zhu, Yongquan Xue, Ignacio Pérez-García, Si-Yu Wu, Emilio Fernández-García, María D. Caballero-García, Rubén Sánchez-Ramírez, Sergiy Guziy, I. Olivares, Carlos Jesus Pérez del Pulgar, A. Castellón, S. Castillo, Ding-Rong Xiong, Shashi B. Pandey, David Hiriart, Guillermo García-Segura, William H. Lee, I. M. Carrasco-García, Il H. Park, S. Jeong, Petrus J. Meintjes, Hendrik J. van Heerden, Antonio Martín-Carrillo, Lorraine Hanlon, Bin-Bin Zhang, L. Hernández-García, Maria Gritsevich, Andrea Rossi, Elisabetta Maiorano, Felice Cusano, Paolo D’Avanzo, Matteo Ferro, Andrea Melandri, Massimiliano De Pasquale, Riccardo Brivio, Min Fang, Lu-Lu Fan, Wei-Da Hu, Zhen Wan, Lei Hu, Ying-Xi Zuo, Jin-Long Tang, Xiao-Ling Zhang, Xian-Zhong Zheng, Bin Li, Wen-Tao Luo, Wei Liu, Jian Wang, Hong-Fei Zhang, Hao Liu, Jie Gao, Ming Liang, Hai-Ren Wang, Da-Zhi Yao, Jing-Quan Cheng, Wen Zhao, Zi-Gao Dai

Thanks to the rapidly increasing time-domain facilities, we are entering a golden era of research on gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). In this Letter, we report our observations of GRB 240529A with the Burst Optical Observer and Transient Exploring System, the 1.5 m telescope at Observatorio de Sierra Nevada, the 2.5 m Wide Field Survey Telescope of China, the Large Binocular Telescope, and the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo. The prompt emission of GRB 240529A shows two comparable energetic episodes separated by a quiescence time of roughly 400 s. Combining all available data on the GRB Coordinates Network, we reveal the simultaneous apparent X-ray plateau and optical rebrightening around 10³–10⁴ s after the burst. Rather than the energy injection from the magnetar as widely invoked for similar GRBs, the multiwavelength emissions could be better explained as two shocks launched from the central engine separately. The optical peak time and our numerical modeling suggest that the initial bulk Lorentz factor of the later shock is roughly 50, which indicates that the later jet should be accretion driven and have a higher mass loading than a typical one. The quiescence time between the two prompt emission episodes may be caused by the transition between different accretion states of a central magnetar or black hole, or the fallback accretion process. A sample of similar bursts with multiple emission episodes in the prompt phase and sufficient follow-up could help to probe the underlying physics of GRB central engines.

更新日期：2024-11-21

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