OBJECTIVE Impulsivity has been recognized as an important factor in suicidal thoughts and behaviors (STBs). However, previous research linking impulsivity to STBs has largely relied on cross-sectional designs, considered only a subset of impulsivity measures, and typically focused on middle-to-older adolescents. Here, we explored multiple measures of impulsivity and assessed their predictive relation to suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. METHOD In a sample of 10,286 adolescents (ages 9-12; 47.4% female, 76.4% White, 19.4% Black, 6.4% Asian, 3.5% American Indian/Alaskan Native, 0.6% Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, 6.4% Other, 19.4% Hispanic, 12.1% Mixed/Multiple Race) from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development℠ Study (ABCD Study®), we assessed impulsivity when youth were 9-10 years old, and suicidal ideation and attempts when youth were 11-12 years old. We measured impulsivity in three ways: a trait-like measure (UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale), a behavioral measure (delay discounting task), and a neural measure (Cortical Delay Discounting [C-DD]). Suicidal ideation and attempts were assessed using the Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia (KSADS) suicide module. RESULTS Negative urgency and lack of perseverance (at ages 9-10) significantly predicted a higher likelihood of suicidal ideation (Negative Urgency: Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.254, p < .001; Lack of Perseverance: OR = 1.152, p = .035) and suicide attempts (Negative Urgency: OR = 1.328, p = .009; Lack of Perseverance: OR = 1.270, p = .009) when youth were 11-12 years old. CONCLUSIONS Negative urgency and lack of perseverance are robust predictors of future suicidal ideation and suicide attempts in young adolescents. These findings highlight the importance of assessing for and targeting these dimensions of impulsivity in clinical settings.

中文翻译：

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消极的紧迫感和缺乏毅力预示着青少年的自杀意念和企图。


目的 冲动已被认为是自杀念头和行为 （STB） 的重要因素。然而，之前将冲动与 STB 联系起来的研究在很大程度上依赖于横断面设计，仅考虑冲动测量的一个子集，并且通常集中在中老年青少年。在这里，我们探讨了冲动的多种测量方法，并评估了它们与自杀意念和自杀未遂的预测关系。方法 在 10,286 名青少年（9-12 岁;47.4% 女性，76.4% 白人，19.4% 黑人，6.4% 亚洲人，3.5% 美洲印第安人/阿拉斯加原住民，0.6% 夏威夷原住民/太平洋岛民，6.4% 其他，19.4% 西班牙裔，12.1% 混血/多种族）来自青少年脑认知发展℠ 研究（ABCD 研究®），我们评估了青少年 9-10 岁的冲动，以及青少年 11-12 岁的自杀意念和企图。我们以三种方式测量冲动性：类特质测量 （UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale） 、行为测量 （延迟折扣任务） 和神经测量 （皮层延迟折扣 [Cortical Delay Discounting [C-DD]）。使用 Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia （KSADS） 自杀模块评估自杀意念和企图。结果 消极的紧迫感和缺乏毅力（9-10 岁）显着预测了自杀意念的可能性更高（消极紧迫感：比值比 [OR] = 1.254，p < .001;缺乏毅力：OR = 1.152，p = .035）和自杀未遂（消极紧迫性：OR = 1.328，p = .009;缺乏毅力：OR = 1.270，p = .009），当青少年 11-12 岁时。结论 消极的紧迫感和缺乏毅力是青少年未来自杀意念和自杀未遂的有力预测因素。 这些发现强调了在临床环境中评估和针对冲动的这些维度的重要性。