Fit hypotheses are a common theme in psychological theories. Various theoretical approaches postulate that fit is also relevant for the within-person dynamics of personality states. A better understanding of these dynamics is important to comprehend the functioning of personality and its relations to relevant life outcomes. Two forms of fit are relevant for personality states: personality states that fit with characteristics of the current situation (state-situation fit) and personality states that fit with personality trait levels (state-trait fit). Both forms of fit are assumed to be related to more positive affect. In three intensive longitudinal studies (Sample 1: N = 194, 4,244 observations; Sample 2: N = 254, 7,667 observations; Sample 3: N = 374, 16,418 observations), we conducted moderated multilevel polynomial regression and response surface analysis to examine whether trait-state fit and state-situation fit were associated with state affect. Generally, there was no consistent evidence for state-trait fit, state-situation fit, or interactions between personality traits, personality states, and situation characteristics predicting momentary state affect. The analyses yielded several spurious significant fit and interaction effects that could however not be replicated in the other samples. Taken together, in one of the most comprehensive attempts to demonstrate fit effects in personality states to date, we could not find any consistent evidence for fit or interactions between personality traits, personality states, and situation characteristics predicting momentary affect. Furthermore, these findings emphasize the importance of replications and robustness checks when examining complex personality dynamics such as fit or interactions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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状态-特质契合度和状态-情境契合度是否与人格状态的个体内动态相关？


拟合假设是心理学理论中的一个常见主题。各种理论方法假设契合度也与人格状态的内在动力学有关。更好地了解这些动态对于理解人格的功能及其与相关生活结果的关系非常重要。两种形式的契合与人格状态相关：符合当前情况特征的人格状态（状态-情境契合）和符合人格特质水平的人格状态（状态-特质契合）。两种形式的拟合都被认为与更积极的影响有关。在三项密集的纵向研究中（样本 1：N = 194,4,244 次观察;样本 2：N = 254,7,667 个观测值;样本 3：N = 374,16,418 次观察），我们进行了适度的多级多项式回归和响应面分析，以检查性状-状态拟合和状态-情境拟合是否与状态影响相关。一般来说，没有一致的证据表明状态-特质契合、状态-情境契合或人格特质、人格状态和情境特征之间的相互作用可以预测瞬时状态影响。分析产生了几种虚假的显著拟合和交互效应，但无法在其他样本中复制。综上所述，在迄今为止证明人格状态的契合效应的最全面的尝试之一中，我们无法找到任何一致的证据来证明人格特征、人格状态和预测瞬时影响的情境特征之间的契合或相互作用。此外，这些发现强调了在检查复杂的人格动态（如拟合或交互）时复制和稳健性检查的重要性。 （PsycInfo 数据库记录 （c） 2024 APA，保留所有权利）。