Asset tracking is crucial for managing prefabricated construction projects, as delayed deliveries might disrupt interdependent offsite and onsite activities, causing economic losses and disputes. To clarify liabilities, tamperproof asset tracking and delay propagation analysis are necessary. To achieve this, a BIM-blockchain integrated framework via smart contracts is proposed given rich information in BIM and blockchain's immutable records. First, asset information and interdependent activity schedule are automatically transmitted from BIM to blockchain. Then, QR codes are generated and attached to physical assets for tracking. If any delays, compiled smart contracts will automatically derive propagated impacts on offsite and onsite activities considering their interdependencies and proactively notify relevant parties. Affected activities with assets, certification time, and responsible parties are automatically visualized in 4D BIM for timely collaboration. The developed IFC-Ethereum prototype demonstrates the framework's feasibility and effectiveness, reducing coordination overhead costs and time. Traceable records help further calculate parties' penalties and compensation.

中文翻译：

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BIM 区块链集成自动资产跟踪和延迟传播分析，适用于装配式建筑项目


资产跟踪对于管理预制建筑项目至关重要，因为延迟交付可能会扰乱相互依赖的场外和现场活动，从而导致经济损失和争议。为了明确责任，需要进行防篡改资产跟踪和延迟传播分析。为了实现这一目标，鉴于 BIM 和区块链的不可变记录中的丰富信息，提出了一个通过智能合约的 BIM 区块链集成框架。首先，资产信息和相互依赖的活动计划会自动从 BIM 传输到区块链。然后，生成 QR 码并将其附加到物理资产以进行跟踪。如果有任何延迟，编译后的智能合约将考虑到它们的相互依赖关系，自动得出对场外和现场活动的传播影响，并主动通知相关方。受影响的资产活动、认证时间和责任方会自动在 4D BIM 中可视化，以便及时协作。开发的 IFC-Ethereum 原型展示了该框架的可行性和有效性，减少了协调开销成本和时间。可追溯的记录有助于进一步计算各方的处罚和赔偿。