Ship traffic substantially contributes to air pollution, thus affecting climate and human health. Recently introduced regulations by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) on the fuel sulfur content (FSC) caused a shift in marine fuel onsumption from heavy fuel oils (HFO) to diesel-like distillate fuels, but also to alternative hybrid fuels and the operation of sulfur scrubbers. Using multi-wavelength thermal-optical carbon analysis (MW-TOCA), our study provides emission factors (EF) of carbonaceous aerosol particles and link the fuel composition to features observed in the soot microstructure, which may be exploited in online monitoring by single-particle mass spectrometry (SPMS). Particulate matter from distillate fuels absorbs stronger light of the visible UV and near-infrared range than HFO. However, Simple Forcing Efficiency (SFE) of absorption weighted by EF of total carbon compensated the effect, leading to a net reduction by >50% when changing form HFO to distillate fuels.

船舶运输严重造成空气污染，从而影响气候和人类健康。国际海事组织 （IMO） 最近出台的关于燃料硫含量 （FSC） 的法规导致船用燃料消耗从重质燃料油 （HFO） 转向类似柴油的馏分燃料，但也转向替代混合动力燃料和硫洗涤器的运行。使用多波长热光碳分析 （MW-TOCA），我们的研究提供了碳质气溶胶颗粒的排放因子 （EF），并将燃料成分与在烟尘微观结构中观察到的特征联系起来，这可以通过单颗粒质谱 （SPMS） 进行在线监测。与 HFO 相比，馏分燃料中的颗粒物吸收更强的可见紫外线和近红外光。然而，以总碳的 EF 加权的吸收简单强迫效率 （SFE） 补偿了这种影响，导致将 HFO 转换为馏分燃料时净减少 >50%。