The functional properties of the human brain arise, in part, from the vast assortment of cell types that pattern the cerebral cortex. The cortical sheet can be broadly divided into distinct networks, which are embedded into processing streams, or gradients, that extend from unimodal systems through higher-order association territories. Here using microarray data from the Allen Human Brain Atlas and single-nucleus RNA-sequencing data from multiple cortical territories, we demonstrate that cell-type distributions are spatially coupled to the functional organization of cortex, as estimated through functional magnetic resonance imaging. Differentially enriched cells follow the spatial topography of both functional gradients and associated large-scale networks. Distinct cellular fingerprints were evident across networks, and a classifier trained on postmortem cell-type distributions was able to predict the functional network allegiance of cortical tissue samples. These data indicate that the in vivo organization of the cortical sheet is reflected in the spatial variability of its cellular composition.

人脑的功能特性部分来自塑造大脑皮层的大量细胞类型。皮质片可以大致分为不同的网络，这些网络嵌入到处理流或梯度中，这些处理流或梯度从单峰系统延伸到高阶关联区域。在这里，使用来自 Allen Human Brain Atlas 的微阵列数据和来自多个皮层区域的单核 RNA 测序数据，我们证明了细胞类型分布在空间上与皮层的功能组织耦合，这是通过功能磁共振成像估计的。差异富集的细胞遵循功能梯度和相关的大规模网络的空间地形。不同的细胞指纹在网络中很明显，并且在死后细胞类型分布上训练的分类器能够预测皮质组织样本的功能网络忠诚度。这些数据表明，皮质片的体内组织反映在其细胞组成的空间可变性中。