Deep brain stimulation (DBS) can ameliorate motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease (PD), but its mechanism remains unclear. This work constructs a multi-scale brain model using the fMRI data from 27 PD patients with subthalamic DBS and 30 healthy controls. The model fits microscopic coupling parameters in the cortico-basal ganglia-thalamic neural loop to match individual connectivity, finding the “push-pull” effect of basal ganglia network. Specifically, increased GABAergic projection into the thalamus from basal ganglia worsens rigidity, while reduced GABAergic projection within the cortex exacerbates bradykinesia, suggesting that the dopamine deficiency induces the chain coupling variations to “push” the network to an abnormal state. Conversely, DBS can alleviate rigidity by enhancing GABAergic projections within the basal ganglia, and improve bradykinesia by reducing cortical projections to basal ganglia, exhibiting that DBS “pulls” the network to a healthy state. This work combines the microscopic and macroscopic neural information for understanding PD and its treatment.

深部脑刺激 （DBS） 可以改善帕金森病 （PD） 的运动症状，但其机制尚不清楚。这项工作使用 27 名患有丘脑底 DBS 的 PD 患者和 30 名健康对照者的 fMRI 数据构建了一个多尺度脑模型。该模型拟合皮质-基底神经节-丘脑神经环中的微观耦合参数，以匹配个体连接，发现基底神经节网络的“推拉”效应。具体来说，从基底神经节向丘脑的 GABA 能投射增加会恶化硬度，而皮层内 GABA 能投射减少会加剧运动迟缓，这表明多巴胺缺乏会诱导链耦合变化，将网络“推”到异常状态。相反，DBS 可以通过增强基底神经节内的 GABA 能投射来减轻僵硬，并通过减少皮质投射到基底神经节来改善运动迟缓，表明 DBS 将网络“拉”到健康状态。这项工作结合了微观和宏观神经信息，用于理解 PD 及其治疗。