Due to the outflow of dye effluent from numerous industrial operations, dye pollution is a severe environmental issue. Because of its efficiency and environmental friendliness, photocatalytic degradation is a technology promising for treating dye pollutants. This study used a simple hydrothermal process to synthesise VO₂-A/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite and its photocatalytic activity for the breakdown of anionic dyes (Xylenol Orange (XO, Rose Bengal (RB)) and cationic dyes (Crystal Violet (CV), Auramine O (AO)) and Mix dyes (1:1 mixture of anionic and cationic dyes) were assessed. XRD, XPS,SEM,FTIR, Photoluminescence, TEM,UV-DRS and BET analysis were used to characterize the nanocomposite.SEM and TEM analyses revealed a distinct morphology of the VAG-4 nanocomposite, with small, irregular VO₂-A nanoparticles dispersed and wrapped around the g-C₃N₄ surface. UV-DRS analysis, using the Tauc relation, indicated that VO₂-A incorporation shifted the absorption edge to longer wavelengths, with VAG-4 showing a peak at 487 nm (1.91 eV). BET analysis of VAG-4 shows a specific surface area of 47.1 m²/g, a pore volume of 0.2125 cm³/g, and an average pore size of 27.9 nm, supporting its potential for effective photocatalytic applications. We assessed the photocatalytic activity ofVO₂-A/g-C₃N₄ nanocomposite for the degradation of the anionic dyes (RB, XO), cationic dyes (AO,CV) and Mix dyes. The results demonstrated that the VAG-4 nanocomposite with degradation percentages of RB (83.5 %), XO (75.5 %), AO (73.4 %), and CV (78.2 %) exhibited more enhanced photocatalytic activity than the individual precursors.The nanocomposite’s outstanding photocatalytic activity suggests that it has the potential for practical applications in environmental cleanup.

中文翻译：

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VO2-A/g-C3N4 复合材料的协同光催化用于阴离子和阳离子染料的高效降解：迈向可持续的环境解决方案


由于许多工业运营的染料流出，染料污染是一个严重的环境问题。由于其效率和环境友好性，光催化降解是一种很有前途的处理染料污染物的技术。本研究使用简单的水热工艺合成 VO_2-A/g-C₃N₄ 纳米复合材料及其光催化活性，用于分解阴离子染料（二甲酚橙 （XO，孟加拉玫瑰 （RB））和阳离子染料 （结晶紫 （CV），金胺 O （AO）） 和混合染料 （阴离子和阳离子染料的 1：1 混合物） 进行评估。采用 XRD、XPS、SEM、FTIR、光致发光、TEM、UV-DRS和BET分析对纳米复合材料进行了表征。SEM 和 TEM 分析揭示了 VAG-4 纳米复合材料的独特形态，小的、不规则的 VO_2-A 纳米颗粒分散并包裹在 g-C₃N₄ 表面。使用 Tauc 关系的 UV-DRS 分析表明，VO_2-A 掺入将吸收边缘转移到更长的波长，VAG-4 在 487 nm （1.91 eV） 处显示峰值。VAG-4 的 BET 分析显示，比表面积为 47.1 m²/g，孔体积为 0.2125 cm³/g，平均孔径为 27.9 nm，支持其有效光催化应用的潜力。我们评估了 VO_2-A/g-C₃N₄ 纳米复合材料对阴离子染料 （RB， XO） 、阳离子染料 （AO， CV） 和混合染料的光催化活性。结果表明，降解百分比为 RB （83.5 %）、XO （75.5 %）、AO （73.4 %） 和 CV （78.2 %） 的 VAG-4 纳米复合材料比单个前驱体表现出更强的光催化活性。该纳米复合材料出色的光催化活性表明它在环境净化方面具有实际应用的潜力。