Simultaneous removal of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is absolutely imperative to prevent the spread of antibiotic resistance in the environment. Herein, suitable dopants of Ti₄O₇ anode from the lanthanide elements were firstly selected to boost Ti₄O₇ electrooxidation ability according to density functional theory simulation. 3D printing technology was further adopted to prepare 3D printed lanthanide-doped reactive electrochemical membrane (REM) electrodes, which could efficiently avoid the problem of membrane clogging in the electrochemical filtration operation and increase the hydroxyl radical yield by 56–442 % compared to Ti₄O₇ REM. We found that complete inactivation (>8.0-log inactivation) of antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli (AR E. coli) was achieved during Nd-Ti₄O₇ REM (1 wt% Nd) treatment in a single pass at 4 mA cm⁻², indicating significant improvement of disinfection efficiency than Ti₄O₇ REM (3.3-log inactivation) operated in same conditions occurred. Morphology characterization results of treated AR E. coli revealed that cytoplasmic leakage in cell membrane perforation was the main inactivation mechanism. In addition, Nd-Ti₄O₇ REM also exhibited better electrooxidation efficiency for ARGs removal, thereby eliminating the spread risk of antibiotic resistance. These findings greatly promoted the preparation and application of Ti₄O₇ REM with highly efficient electrooxidation ability in the treatment of wastewater containing an abundance of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

中文翻译：

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3D 打印掺杂镧系元素的 Ti4O7 反应膜，用于高效电化学消毒和降解抗生素耐药基因


同时去除抗生素耐药细菌 （ARB） 和抗生素耐药基因 （ARG） 对于防止抗生素耐药性在环境中传播是绝对必要的。本文根据密度泛函理论模拟，首先从镧系元素中选择合适的 Ti₄O₇ 阳极掺杂剂，以提高 Ti₄O₇ 电氧化能力。进一步采用 3D 打印技术制备 3D 打印的镧系元素掺杂反应电化学膜 （REM） 电极，与 Ti₄O₇ REM 相比，可以有效避免电化学过滤操作中的膜堵塞问题，并将羟基自由基产率提高 56-442%。我们发现，在 4 mA ^cm-2 下，在 Nd-Ti₄O₇ REM （1 wt% Nd） 处理期间，抗生素耐药性大肠杆菌 （AR E. coli） 的完全灭活 （>8.0-log 灭活） 在相同条件下单次通过，表明消毒效率比 Ti₄O₇ REM （3.3-log 灭活） 显着提高。处理后的 AR 大肠杆菌的形态学表征结果显示，细胞膜穿孔中的细胞质渗漏是主要的失活机制。此外，Nd-Ti₄O₇ REM 还表现出更好的电氧化去除 ARGs 的效率，从而消除了抗生素耐药性的传播风险。这些发现极大地促进了具有高效电氧化能力的 Ti₄O₇ REM 的制备和应用，用于处理含有大量抗生素耐药菌的废水。