The introduction of an electron deficient core (e.g.: BTP, dithiophene [3.2b] pyrrolobenzothiazole) was considered to be an effective strategy for modulating the electron-vibration coupling, delocalization, and molecular stacking of high-performance Y-series non-fullerene acceptors (NFAs). However, the above means often make it difficult to achieve precise control of the various aggregation behaviors of Y-series NFAs, which is a key factor of limiting the performance improvement in the final device. In this study, we present a novel liquid additive, an electronegative alkane, which strengthens non-covalent interactions and boosts electron coupling. This promotes rapid nucleation and crystallization of the Y-series molecule, enhancing molecular stacking and aggregation. Besides, the directional induction of the BTP core in the blend active layer is well maintained, which optimizes the charge transport and reduces trap-assisted recombination of the bulk heterojunction. As a result, our strategy has substantially improved the performance of multiple Y-series NFA OPV systems, enabling thick film (≥200 nm) large-area modules (19.31 cm²) with efficiencies exceeding 14%. We believe that the broader processing window offered by the thick film is a notable advancement towards the commercialization of organic photovoltaics.

中文翻译：

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通过精细操纵 Y 系列分子的聚集行为，同时提高有机光伏器件和模块的效率


引入缺电子核心（例如：BTP、二噻吩 [3.2b] 吡咯并并噻唑）被认为是调节高性能 Y 系列非富勒烯受体 （NFA） 的电子-振动耦合、离域和分子堆叠的有效策略。然而，上述方法往往难以实现对 Y 系列 NFA 的各种聚集行为的精确控制，这是限制最终器件性能提升的关键因素。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种新型液体添加剂，一种负电性烷烃，它增强了非共价相互作用并促进了电子耦合。这促进了 Y 系列分子的快速成核和结晶，增强了分子的堆积和聚集。此外，BTP 核心在共混活性层中的定向感应得到了很好的保持，这优化了电荷传输并减少了体异质结的陷阱辅助复合。因此，我们的策略大大提高了多个 Y 系列 NFA OPV 系统的性能，实现了厚膜 （≥200 nm） 大面积组件 （19.31 cm²），效率超过 14%。我们相信，厚膜提供的更宽的加工窗口是有机光伏商业化的显着进步。