Generally spoken that light and soil water conditions within patches often negatively correlate, significantly affecting the growth of clonal plants. But the role of clonal integration in modulating carbohydrate metabolism of paired ramets under heterogeneous environments remains unclear. Hence the initial research is performed focusing on water and carbohydrate sharing among ramets under heterogeneous environments and its impact on non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) accumulation and conversion of whole clonal system. Connected and disconnected clonal fragments of dwarf bamboo were planted in four heterogeneous environments differing in patch contrast with negatively correlated light and soil water. Photosynthetic capacity, NSC content, and its metabolic characteristics were measured, and the effects of water and NSC sharing on the performance of paired bamboo ramets were also analyzed. Leaf photosynthetic rate (Pn) and NSC content of shade ramets ranged from 7.06 to 8.56μmol·m−2·s−1, 140.85–176.12 mg.g−1, and those for unshaded ramets were 3.98 ∼6.97μmol·m−2·s−1 and 129.58–170.81 mg.g−1, respectively. Rhizome connection significantly decreased leaf Pn, NSC, chlorophyll, and RuBisCo in shaded ramets but increased these parameters in unshaded ramets. High water contrast led to higher leaf Pn, NSC, chlorophyll, and RuBisCo activity in both ramets with rhizome connection. Moderately shaded treatments (50 % shading) increased leaf Pn, NSC, and chlorophyll content in both shaded and unshaded ramets with rhizome connection. Rhizome connection significantly decreased the activities of sucrose synthase (SS), sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS), and amylase in shaded ramets, but increased SS, SPS, amylase, and invertase (INV) in unshaded ramets. Water sharing promoted both leaf NSC and Pn in ramets growing under high light but low soil water conditions when connected to ramets growing under shading but higher soil water conditions. The mutual conversion of starch into sugar between paired ramets enhanced the fitness of the entire clonal system. Obviously the findings provide new insights into the adaptive strategies of dwarf bamboo to drought and shading stress through physiological integration (water and NSC sharing) and NSC conversion, which could help predict the impact of climate change on bamboo growth and productivity.

中文翻译：

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在光和土壤水分负相关条件下，克隆整合改变了矮竹的代谢非结构性碳水化合物过程


一般来说，斑块内的光照和土壤水分条件通常呈负相关，显着影响克隆植物的生长。但在异质环境下，克隆整合在调节配对分株碳水化合物代谢中的作用仍不清楚。因此，进行了初步研究，重点是异质环境下分株之间水分和碳水化合物的共享及其对非结构性碳水化合物 （NSC） 积累和整个克隆系统转化的影响。将矮竹的相连和断开的克隆碎片种植在四个异质环境中，与光和土壤水呈负相关，斑块对比不同。测量了光合能力、NSC 含量及其代谢特性，并分析了水分和 NSC 共享对成对竹株性能的影响。遮荫分株的叶片光合速率 （Pn） 和 NSC 含量范围为 7.06 至 8.56μmol·m−2·s−1、140.85–176.12 mg.g−1，未遮荫分株的叶光合速率 （Pn） 和 NSC 含量分别为 3.98 ∼6.97μmol·m−2·s−1 和 129.58–170.81 mg.g−1。根茎连接显著降低了遮荫分株的叶片 Pn 、 NSC 、叶绿素和 RuBisCo，但在无遮荫的分株中增加了这些参数。高水分对比导致两个与根茎连接的分株的叶片 Pn 、 NSC 、叶绿素和 RuBisCo 活性较高。适度遮荫处理（50% 遮荫）增加了与根茎连接的遮荫和未遮荫分株的叶片 Pn、NSC 和叶绿素含量。根茎连接显著降低了遮阴分株蔗糖合酶 （SS） 、蔗糖磷酸合酶 （SPS） 和淀粉酶的活性，但增加了无遮荫分株的 SS 、 SPS 、淀粉酶和转化酶 （INV）。 当与生长在阴凉但土壤水分较高的条件下的分株相连时，水分共享促进了在高光但低土壤水分条件下生长的分株的叶片 NSC 和 Pn。成对的分株之间淀粉向糖的相互转化增强了整个克隆系统的适应性。显然，这些发现为矮矮竹通过生理整合（水和 NSC 共享）和 NSC 转换对干旱和遮荫胁迫的适应策略提供了新的见解，这可能有助于预测气候变化对竹子生长和生产力的影响。