The balance of gut microbiota affects uric acid synthesis and excretion, influencing the development of hyperuricemia. This study aimed to investigate the effects and mechanisms of probiotics on hyperuricemia and adenine- and potassium oxonate-induced colonic damage. After two months of gavage at 10⁹ CFU/day, the probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus UA260 and Lactobacillus plantarum YU28, identified through in vitro screening, significantly reduced serum uric acid levels in hyperuricemia mice from 109.71 ± 56.33 to 38.76 ± 15.06 and 33.22 ± 6.91 μmol/L, respectively. These strains attenuated inflammatory, repaired gut barrier damage, and enhanced colonic uric acid transporter function, thereby promoting uric acid excretion. Furthermore, the probiotics significantly reshaped gut microbiota by increasing the abundance of beneficial bacteria, including Lactobacillus and Coprococcus, while modulating tryptophan, purine, and riboflavin metabolism. Changes in tryptophan metabolites, specifically indole-3-propionic acid and indole-3-acetic acid, were correlated with xanthine oxidase activity, colonic injury, and the expression of the uric acid transporter protein ABCG2 during treatment. Probiotics intervention activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor pathways. These findings suggest that probiotics alleviate hyperuricemia and colonic inflammatory by regulating gut microbiota composition and tryptophan microbial metabolite pathways. Probiotics that modulate tryptophan microbial metabolism may provide a potential strategy for treating or preventing hyperuricemia.

中文翻译：

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色氨酸代谢调节益生菌通过保护肠道屏障完整性和增强结肠尿酸排泄来缓解高尿酸血症


肠道菌群的平衡影响尿酸的合成和排泄，从而影响高尿酸血症的发展。本研究旨在探讨益生菌对高尿酸血症和腺嘌呤和氧酸钾诱导的结肠损伤的影响和机制。以 10⁹ CFU/d 灌胃两个月后，通过体外筛选鉴定的益生菌菌株鼠李糖乳杆菌 UA260 和植物乳杆菌 YU28 分别将高尿酸血症小鼠血清尿酸水平从 109.71 ± 56.33 降低到 38.76 ± 15.06 和 33.22 ± 6.91 μmol/L。这些菌株减轻了炎症，修复了肠道屏障损伤，增强了结肠尿酸转运蛋白功能，从而促进了尿酸排泄。此外，益生菌通过增加有益细菌（包括乳酸菌和共球菌）的丰度，同时调节色氨酸、嘌呤和核黄素代谢，显著重塑肠道微生物群。色氨酸代谢物的变化，特别是吲哚-3-丙酸和吲哚-3-乙酸，与治疗期间黄嘌呤氧化酶活性、结肠损伤和尿酸转运蛋白 ABCG2 的表达相关。益生菌干预激活芳烃受体通路。这些发现表明，益生菌通过调节肠道微生物群组成和色氨酸微生物代谢物途径来缓解高尿酸血症和结肠炎症。调节色氨酸微生物代谢的益生菌可能为治疗或预防高尿酸血症提供潜在策略。