N-doped anatase/rutile TiO₂ (AR-N/TiO₂) photocatalysts were prepared by combining the strategy of N-doping and in situ heterophase junction generation, which significantly enhanced the photocatalytic H₂ generation (1.68 mmol· h^–1·g^–1). Under monochromatic light at 400 nm, the light exhibits an apparent quantum efficiency of 8.6%. Moreover, this AR-N/TiO₂ heterophase junction demonstrates excellent long-term stability when exposed to visible light irradiation. Through the analysis of the electronic structure, the outstanding photocatalytic activity of AR-N/TiO₂ can be attributed to the maximized synergetic effect between rutile and anatase for optimal rutile content (21.6%) and enhanced response to visible light due to N-doping. Additionally, the intimate interface formed by the rutile phase grown in situ from the inner core of the anatase phase establishes well-aligned bands, which promote efficient separation of photoinduced electron–hole pairs. Furthermore, the rough surface and porosity of the as-synthesized heterophase junction facilitate an enlarged specific surface area and exposure of active sites, thereby providing more adsorptive and reactive sites that enhance conversion efficiency. This research offers an alternative approach to phase engineering for developing TiO₂-based heterophase junction photocatalysts toward efficient hydrogen evolution.

中文翻译：

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通过原位相生长设计 N 掺杂锐钛矿/金红石型 TiO2 异质结用于光催化析氢


结合 N 掺杂和原位异相结生成策略制备了 N 掺杂锐钛矿/金红石型 TiO₂ （AR-N/TiO₂） 光催化剂，显著提高了光催化 H₂ 的生成 （1.68 mmol·h^–1·g^–1）。在 400 nm 的单色光下，光表现出 8.6% 的表观量子效率。此外，这种 AR-N/TiO₂ 异质结在可见光照射下表现出优异的长期稳定性。通过对电子结构的分析，AR-N/TiO₂ 出色的光催化活性可归因于金红石和锐钛矿之间协同效应最大化，以实现最佳金红石含量 （21.6%） 和由于 N 掺杂而增强对可见光的响应。此外，由从锐钛矿相内核原位生长的金红石相形成的紧密界面建立了对齐良好的条带，从而促进光诱导电子-空穴对的有效分离。此外，合成的异相结的粗糙表面和孔隙率有助于扩大比表面积和活性位点的暴露，从而提供更多的吸附和反应位点，从而提高转换效率。这项研究为开发基于 TiO₂ 的异相结光催化剂以实现高效析氢提供了一种相工程的替代方法。