Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been detected in plant fiber-based food packaging and most such packaging is disposed in landfills. The objective of this research was to evaluate the release of volatile PFAS to the gas-phase from PFAS-containing, single-use food packaging materials and from municipal solid waste (MSW) during anaerobic decomposition under simulated landfill conditions. After screening 46 materials for total F and 6:2 fluorotelomer alcohol (FTOH), packaging materials were classified as high or low F. High F materials included microwavable popcorn bags, natural plates, compostable bowls, biodegradable boxes, bagasse containers and eco-friendly plates, while the low F materials tested were paper plates, eco-friendly food trays and poly coated freezer paper. Summed PFAS release from the high F materials was 62–800 ng PFAS/g sample and 6:2 FTOH comprised 96.8–99.9% of the summed PFAS. The low F materials and MSW released 0.1–0.4 ng summed PFAS/g sample and 7:2-secondary (s) FTOH was the dominant volatile PFAS. PFAS were generally released early in the 123–285-day decomposition cycle, suggesting that some PFAS will be released prior to the installation of landfill gas collection systems. Nonetheless, PFAS have been reported in collected landfill gas, indicating that release occurs over many years.

中文翻译：

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在模拟垃圾填埋场条件下，植物纤维基食品包装和城市固体废物中挥发性全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质的释放量为气体


在植物纤维基食品包装中检测到全氟烷基和多氟烷基物质 （PFAS），大多数此类包装被丢弃在垃圾填埋场。本研究的目的是评估在模拟垃圾填埋条件下厌氧分解过程中，含 PFAS 的一次性食品包装材料和城市固体废物 （MSW） 中挥发性 PFAS 向气相释放的情况。在筛选了 46 种材料的总 F 和 6：2 含氟调聚物醇 （FTOH） 后，将包装材料分为高 F 或低 F。高 F 材料包括可微波爆米花袋、天然盘子、可堆肥碗、可生物降解的盒子、甘蔗渣容器和环保盘子，而测试的低 F 材料是纸盘、环保食品托盘和聚乙烯涂层冷冻纸。高 F 材料中 PFAS 释放的总量为 62-800 ng PFAS/g 样品，6：2 FTOH 占 PFAS 总量的 96.8-99.9%。低 F 材料和 MSW 释放的 PFAS/g 总和 PFAS/g 样品和 7：2 次级 （s） FTOH 是主要的挥发性 PFAS。PFAS 通常在 123-285 天的分解周期早期释放，这表明一些 PFAS 将在安装垃圾填埋气收集系统之前释放。尽管如此，据报道，收集的垃圾填埋气中含有 PFAS，这表明这种释放需要多年才能发生。