Wearable sensors capable of simultaneous monitoring of multiple physiological markers have the potential to dramatically reduce healthcare cost through early detection of diseases and accelerating rehabilitation processes. These skin-like sensors can deliver significant benefits thanks to their ability to continuously track various physiological indicators over extended periods. However, due to the high sensitivities of soft sensors to multiple stimuli, decoupling the effects of various physical stimuli associated with accurately pinpointing the contributions of individual physiological markers remains a huge challenge. This article aims to provide a comprehensive review of recent advances in multifunctional, skin-like wearable sensors, with a particular emphasis on the mechanisms of signal transduction, microengineering designs, and their diverse applications in both health monitoring and human–machine interactions. It elaborates on the operational principles of various wearable sensors, such as triboelectric, resistive, piezoelectric, and capacitive sensors, each uniquely adept at detecting a range of stimuli. This article also examines recent advances in conceptualizations and methodologies for isolating specific stimuli from the mix of multiple physiological signals. Furthermore, this review highlights potential applications of these multimodal skin-like wearable sensors. Finally, opportunities and challenges facing multimodal wearable sensors are also discussed, exploring their potential in wearable intelligent systems tailored for diverse applications.

中文翻译：

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多模态类皮肤可穿戴传感器的最新进展


能够同时监测多种生理标志物的可穿戴传感器有可能通过早期发现疾病和加速康复过程来大幅降低医疗保健成本。这些类似皮肤的传感器可以带来显着的好处，因为它们能够长时间持续跟踪各种生理指标。然而，由于软传感器对多种刺激高度敏感，与准确定位单个生理标志物的贡献相关的各种物理刺激的影响解耦仍然是一个巨大的挑战。本文旨在全面回顾多功能、类似皮肤的可穿戴传感器的最新进展，特别强调信号转导机制、微工程设计及其在健康监测和人机交互中的各种应用。它详细阐述了各种可穿戴传感器的工作原理，例如摩擦电、电阻、压电和电容传感器，每种传感器都特别擅长检测一系列刺激。本文还研究了从多种生理信号的混合中分离特定刺激的概念化和方法的最新进展。此外，本文重点介绍了这些多模态类皮肤可穿戴传感器的潜在应用。最后，还讨论了多模态可穿戴传感器面临的机遇和挑战，探讨了它们在为不同应用量身定制的可穿戴智能系统中的潜力。