Spent microbial biomass is a major type of carbon and nitrogen-rich by-product generated by bioprocess industries. These spent biomasses, rich in valuable carbohydrates, has remained underutilized due to a limited understanding of their conversion to value products. One such solid by-product stream is carbohydrate-rich (64.56 wt %) de-oiled yeast biomass, a type of spent microbial biomass originating from the oleaginous fermentation process. The present study deals with the enrichment and extraction of the glucan–chitin complex from DYB focusing on scalability with minimal release of chemical load to the environment. The complex obtained through sequential fractionation and hypochlorite-assisted extraction was assessed for its quality and structural characteristics. A glucan–chitin complex enrichment from 4 to 49.22 wt % glucan with a 17.07 wt % chitin was obtained, exhibiting a helical arrangement of β-(1 → 3) and β-(1 → 6) glucan chains linked to chitin via β-(1 → 4) linkage. The results showed that the investigated process could be integrated with the yeast lipid production chain to obtain these quality compounds from its by-product stream. The green chemistry metrics, viz., PMI, atom economy, and optimum efficiency of 23.34 kg/kg, 1.41, and 8.36, indicated the need for recovery of compounds from the secondary discharge stream of the investigated method to further minimize the carbon and nitrogen loss as a resource.

中文翻译：

---

从脱油酵母生物质中增强葡聚糖-几丁质复合物提取，用于可持续的生物精炼应用


废弃微生物生物质是生物加工工业产生的一种主要富含碳和氮的副产品。这些富含宝贵碳水化合物的废生物质由于对其转化为有价值产品的了解有限，因此一直未得到充分利用。其中一种固体副产品流是富含碳水化合物 （64.56 wt %） 的脱油酵母生物质，这是一种源自含油发酵过程的废微生物生物质。本研究涉及从 DYB 中富集和提取葡聚糖-几丁质复合物，重点是可扩展性和对环境的化学负荷释放最少。通过顺序分馏和次氯酸盐辅助提取获得的复合物对其质量和结构特性进行了评估。获得了从 4 wt % 葡聚糖到 49.22 wt % 葡聚糖和 17.07 wt % 甲壳素的葡聚糖-甲壳素复合物，表现出 β-（1 → 3） 和 β-（1 → 6） 葡聚糖链的螺旋排列通过 β-（1 → 4） 键连接到甲壳素。结果表明，所研究的过程可以与酵母脂质生产链相结合，从其副产品流中获得这些优质化合物。绿色化学指标，即 PMI、原子经济性和 23.34 kg/kg、1.41 和 8.36 的最佳效率，表明需要从所研究方法的二次排放流中回收化合物，以进一步减少碳和氮作为资源的损失。