Plasmids are extrachromosomal DNA molecules in bacteria and archaea, playing critical roles in horizontal gene transfer, antibiotic resistance, and pathogenicity. Since its first release in 2018, our database on plasmids, PLSDB, has significantly grown and enhanced its content and scope. From 34 513 records contained in the 2021 version, PLSDB now hosts 72 360 entries. Designed to provide life scientists with convenient access to extensive plasmid data and to support computer scientists by offering curated datasets for artificial intelligence (AI) development, this latest update brings more comprehensive and accurate information for plasmid research, with interactive visualization options. We enriched PLSDB by refining the identification and classification of plasmid host ecosystems and host diseases. Additionally, we incorporated annotations for new functional structures, including protein-coding genes and biosynthetic gene clusters. Further, we enhanced existing annotations, such as antimicrobial resistance genes and mobility typing. To accommodate these improvements and to host the increase plasmid sets, the webserver architecture and underlying data structures of PLSDB have been re-reconstructed, resulting in decreased response times and enhanced visualization of features while ensuring that users have access to a more efficient and user-friendly interface. The latest release of PLSDB is freely accessible at https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/plsdb2025.

中文翻译：

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PLSDB 2025 更新：增强注释和改进的功能，用于全面的质粒研究


质粒是细菌和古细菌中的染色体外 DNA 分子，在水平基因转移、抗生素耐药性和致病性中起关键作用。自 2018 年首次发布以来，我们的质粒数据库 PLSDB 已显著增长并增强了其内容和范围。从 2021 版本中包含的 34 513 条记录中，PLSDB 现在托管 72 360 个条目。这一最新更新旨在为生命科学科学家提供对大量质粒数据的便捷访问，并通过为人工智能 （AI） 开发提供精选数据集来支持计算机科学家，为质粒研究带来更全面、更准确的信息，并提供交互式可视化选项。我们通过改进质粒宿主生态系统和宿主疾病的鉴定和分类来丰富 PLSDB。此外，我们还为新的功能结构整合了注释，包括蛋白质编码基因和生物合成基因簇。此外，我们增强了现有的注释，例如抗菌素耐药基因和迁移率分型。为了适应这些改进并托管增加的质粒集，PLSDB 的 Web 服务器架构和底层数据结构已重建，从而缩短了响应时间并增强了特征的可视化，同时确保用户能够访问更高效和用户友好的界面。最新版本的 PLSDB 可在 https://www.ccb.uni-saarland.de/plsdb2025 免费访问。