Introduction This scoping review mapped evidence on physical activity (including structured exercise) and sedentary behaviour interventions (interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour) in people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and their informal carers. Methods Ten databases and grey literature were searched from 2000 to October 2023. Two reviewers screened studies and one extracted data. Results were shared with three stakeholder groups (n = 21) in a consultation phase. Results After screening, 155 papers from 144 studies (1 ongoing) were retained. The majority were randomised controlled trials (86, 55%). Participants’ mean age was 73 ± 12 years, and 73% were of White ethnicity. MLTC and frailty measurement varied widely. Most participants were pre-to-moderately frail. Physical health conditions predominated over mental health conditions. Interventions focused on structured exercise (83 studies, 60%) or combined interventions (55 studies, 39%). Two (1%) and one (0.7%) focused solely on habitual physical activity or sedentary behaviour. Adherence was 81% (interquartile range 62%–89%) with goal setting, monitoring and support important to adherence. Carers were only involved in 15 (11%) studies. Most interventions reported positive outcomes, primarily focusing on body functions and structures. Conclusions A modest volume of evidence exists on multicomponent structured exercise interventions, with less focus on habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Interventions report largely positive effects, but an updated systematic review is required. The field could be advanced by more rigorous characterisation of MLTCs, socioeconomic status and ethnicity, increased informal carer involvement and further evaluation of habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions.

中文翻译：

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身体活动和久坐行为干预 针对虚弱和多种长期疾病患者及其非正式照护者：范围审查和利益相关者咨询


引言 本范围综述绘制了虚弱和多种长期疾病 （MLTC） 患者及其非正式照顾者的身体活动（包括结构化锻炼）和久坐行为干预（减少久坐行为的干预措施）的证据。方法 检索 2000 年至 2023 年 10 月的 10 个数据库和灰色文献。2 篇评价员筛选研究，1 篇提取资料。在咨询阶段与三个利益相关者群体 （n = 21） 分享了结果。结果 筛选后，保留了 144 篇研究的 155 篇论文 （1 篇正在进行中）。大多数是随机对照试验 （86， 55%）。参与者的平均年龄为 73 ± 12 岁，其中 73% 是白人。MLTC 和衰弱测量差异很大。大多数参与者为前至中度虚弱。身体健康状况优于心理健康状况。干预措施侧重于结构化锻炼（83项研究，60%）或联合干预（55项研究，39%）。两项 （1%） 和一项 （0.7%） 仅关注习惯性身体活动或久坐行为。依从性为 81%（四分位距 62%-89%），目标设定、监测和支持对依从性很重要。照顾者仅参与了 15 项 （11%） 研究。大多数干预措施报告了积极的结果，主要集中在身体功能和结构上。结论 关于多成分结构化运动干预的证据量适中，对习惯性身体活动和久坐行为的关注较少。干预措施报告了大部分积极影响，但需要更新的系统评价。 通过对 MLTC、社会经济地位和种族进行更严格的表征，增加非正式照顾者的参与以及进一步评估习惯性身体活动和久坐行为干预，可以推进该领域。