Earthquake-induced regional landslides frequently result in substantial economic losses and casualties. Conducting landslide susceptibility assessments is essential for mitigating these risks and minimizing potential damage. To address the diverse needs of professionals in various disciplines, we have developed an open-source plugin for QGIS, named QGIS-FORM. This plugin integrates functions of both physically-based model (PM) and physically-based probabilistic model (PPM). The PM employs pseudo-static infinite slope stability model, while the PPM utilizes an improved first order reliability method (FORM) to perform landslide probability analysis over a spatial region. To verify its effectiveness, the plugin was applied to the Maerkang landslide event in 2022. Based on the PM and the PPM, the landslide susceptibility assessments were evaluated using several parameters including slope, aspect, stratum, and PGA. In addition, the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve and Balanced Accuracy were employed to assess their predictive performance. The landslide susceptibility results indicate that landslides in Maerkang are mostly concentrated in slopes between 30° and 50°, and the geological conditions of the Xinduqiao Formation (T3X) are more prone to landslides. Compared to PM, the PPM can achieve higher AUC values when the parameter uncertainties are properly characterized. Overall, the PPM exhibits higher accuracy and is more capable of identifying potential landslides than the physically-based model, thereby providing a more reliable way and/or offering a scientific basis for the management and mitigation of landslide disaster risks.

中文翻译：

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用于基于物理的山体滑坡敏感性概率建模的 QGIS 框架：QGIS-FORM


地震引发的区域性山泥倾泻经常导致重大经济损失和人员伤亡。进行山体滑坡易感性评估对于减轻这些风险和最大限度地减少潜在损害至关重要。为了满足各个学科专业人士的多样化需求，我们为 QGIS 开发了一个名为 QGIS-FORM 的开源插件。该插件集成了基于物理的模型 （PM） 和基于物理的概率模型 （PPM） 的功能。PM 采用伪静态无限边坡稳定性模型，而 PPM 利用改进的一阶可靠性方法 （FORM） 对空间区域进行滑坡概率分析。为了验证其有效性，该插件被应用于 2022 年的 Maerkang 山体滑坡事件。基于 PM 和 PPM，使用多个参数（包括坡度、坡向、地层和 PGA）评估滑坡易发性评估。此外，采用受试者工作特征 （ROC） 曲线和平衡准确性来评估他们的预测性能。滑坡易发性结果表明，湄尔康滑坡主要集中在30°—50°之间的斜坡上，新渡桥组（T3X）地质条件较易发生滑坡。与 PM 相比，当参数不确定性得到适当表征时，PPM 可以获得更高的 AUC 值。总体而言，PPM 表现出更高的准确性，并且比基于物理的模型更有能力识别潜在的滑坡，从而提供更可靠的方法和/或为管理和减轻滑坡灾害风险提供科学依据。