Consumer acceptance of direct load control is becoming increasingly important as energy systems transition towards greater reliance on intermittent renewable energy sources. The objective of this paper is to better understand the attitudinal and socio-economic determinants of direct load control acceptance. To do so, we collect survey data from participants in 31 European countries (N = 5,970). Regression analyses testing a comprehensive model of attitudinal and socio-economic determinants of direct load control acceptance reveal that attitudes and beliefs specific to direct load control acceptance (social and personal norms, anticipated emotions, and outcome efficacy beliefs) predict acceptance, whereas more general attitudinal variables and socio-economic characteristics play no or only a secondary role. These findings substantially improve our understanding of direct load control acceptance. While European policy documents recognize the importance of individual attitudes for the success of demand response programs, reference to specific factors or processes is often missing due to lack of evidence. The present research helps fill this gap, and can inform the design of novel soft policy measures – highlighting the usefulness of facilitating positive peer influence, of reinforcing perceptions that engaging in demand response is effective, is the responsible thing to do, and also something to be proud of.

中文翻译：

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接受直接负载控制的个体差异


随着能源系统向更多地依赖间歇性可再生能源过渡，消费者对直接负载控制的接受度变得越来越重要。本文的目的是更好地了解直接负载控制接受的态度和社会经济决定因素。为此，我们从 31 个欧洲国家的参与者 （N = 5,970） 收集调查数据。回归分析测试了直接负荷控制接受的态度和社会经济决定因素的综合模型，表明特定于直接负荷控制接受的态度和信念（社会和个人规范、预期情绪和结果效能信念）可以预测接受，而更一般的态度变量和社会经济特征不起或仅起次要作用。这些发现大大提高了我们对直接负载控制接受度的理解。虽然欧洲政策文件认识到个人态度对需求响应计划成功的重要性，但由于缺乏证据，往往缺少对特定因素或过程的参考。目前的研究有助于填补这一空白，并且可以为设计新的软政策措施提供信息——强调促进积极的同伴影响、加强参与需求响应是有效的、负责任的做法，也是值得骄傲的事情的观念的有用性。