Arid Central Asia (ACA) is a major dust source region in the Northern Hemisphere, owing to the prevalence of aeolian activity that substantially impacts the ecological environment and human wellbeing in this region. However, the driving mechanisms of aeolian activity in ACA during the Holocene are unclear, making it difficult to predict possible future aeolian activity. We used AMS 14C dating, combined with grain-size analysis, high-resolution X-ray fluorescence scanning, and scanning electron microscopy of a sediment core from Lake Ailike, in the Junggar Basin, to reconstruct the history of aeolian activity in ACA during the Holocene. We found that periods of increased aeolian activity on the millennial-scale are correlated with the strengthening of the Siberian High, and that there is a consistency between aeolian activity and climatic fluctuations in the mid-latitudes of Europe. These findings support a close relationship between climate fluctuations in mid- and high-latitude regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Lower/higher temperatures in high latitudes result in the expansion/contraction of polar air masses, leading to the strengthening/weakening of the Siberian High. Additionally, more/less frequent aeolian activity in ACA corresponded to cooling/warming trends in the mid-latitudes of Europe during the Holocene. While ongoing global warming may lead to a long-term decrease in aeolian activity in ACA, the weakening of the polar vortex has resulted in more frequent cold waves affecting the mid-latitudes of Eurasia during winter in recent years.

中文翻译：

---

西伯利亚高压千年尺度波动对全新世风沙活动的影响——来自中亚干旱地区艾利克湖的见解


干旱的中亚 （ACA） 是北半球的主要沙尘源地区，因为风沙活动的普遍存在，对该地区的生态环境和人类福祉产生了重大影响。然而，全新世期间 ACA 中风积活动的驱动机制尚不清楚，因此很难预测未来可能的风积活动。我们使用 AMS 14C 测年法，结合粒度分析、高分辨率 X 射线荧光扫描和扫描电子显微镜对准噶尔盆地 Ailike 湖沉积物岩芯进行检测，重建了全新世 ACA 中风沙活动的历史。我们发现，千年尺度上风沙活动增加的时期与西伯利亚高压的增强相关，并且欧洲中纬度地区的风沙活动与气候波动之间存在一致性。这些发现支持北半球中高纬度地区的气候波动之间的密切关系。高纬度地区的低温/高温导致极地气团的膨胀/收缩，从而导致西伯利亚高压的加强/减弱。此外，ACA 中或多/少频繁的风沙活动对应于全新世期间欧洲中纬度地区的冷却/变暖趋势。虽然持续的全球变暖可能导致 ACA 中风沙活动的长期减少，但极地涡旋的减弱导致近年来冬季影响欧亚大陆中纬度地区的寒潮更加频繁。