The performance and longevity of nuclear reactors are significantly influenced by the behavior of their structural materials, particularly under conditions of corrosion and irradiation. This study investigates the combined effects of corrosion and irradiation on three alloys: Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb, Fe-Cr-Al-Y, and Fe-12Cr-2Si, exposed to a liquid Pb-4wt% Bi mixture at 675°C for 4 hours. 3 MeV proton irradiation was employed to understand the simultaneous effects of irradiation on the corrosion behavior of these alloys. When exposed to liquid lead-bismuth at 675°C for 4 hours, the Fe-Cr-Al-Y and Fe-12Cr-2Si alloys exhibited superior corrosion resistance compared to the Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb alloy. Conversely, the Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb alloy demonstrated significant Pb-Bi penetration, which was further accelerated by proton irradiation, resulting in increased penetration depth. This revealed that irradiation-induced damage can accelerate the corrosion rate of Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb steel in lead-bismuth environments. Microstructural analysis using SEM/EDX, STEM, and diffraction patterns uncovered complex alloy interactions and potential chemical transformations in the irradiated Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb alloy. This included the presence of lamellar or rod-like structures near Pb-Bi penetration sites and the selective retention of nickel by aluminum. In contrast, the Fe-12Cr-2Si alloy exhibited effective corrosion resistance attributed to a uniform distribution of elements and the formation of a protective Si-rich oxide layer. The Fe-Cr-Al-Y alloy developed distinct oxide layers, with chromium oxide predominating and a slight aluminum oxide layer, indicating the critical role of chromium oxide as a protective barrier.

中文翻译：

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Fe 基合金在质子辐照和腐蚀同时发生的液态铅铋环境中的行为


核反应堆的性能和寿命受其结构材料行为的显著影响，尤其是在腐蚀和辐射条件下。本研究研究了腐蚀和辐照对三种合金的综合影响：Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb、Fe-Cr-Al-Y 和 Fe-12Cr-2Si，在 675°C 的液态 Pb-4wt% Bi 混合物中暴露 4 小时。采用 3 MeV 质子辐照来了解辐照对这些合金腐蚀行为的同步影响。当在 675°C 的液态铅铋中暴露 4 小时时，Fe-Cr-Al-Y 和 Fe-12Cr-2Si 合金与 Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb 合金相比表现出优异的耐腐蚀性。相反，Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb 合金表现出显着的 Pb-Bi 穿透力，质子辐照进一步加速了这种穿透力，导致穿透深度增加。这表明辐照诱导的损伤可以加快 Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb 钢在铅铋环境中的腐蚀速率。使用 SEM/EDX、STEM 和衍射图谱进行的微观结构分析揭示了辐照 Fe-Ni-Cr-Al-Nb 合金中复杂的合金相互作用和潜在的化学转变。这包括在 Pb-Bi 渗透位点附近存在层状或棒状结构，以及铝对镍的选择性保留。相比之下，Fe-12Cr-2Si 合金表现出有效的耐腐蚀性，这归因于元素的均匀分布和富硅保护性氧化层的形成。Fe-Cr-Al-Y 合金形成了明显的氧化层，其中氧化铬占主导地位，略带氧化铝层，表明氧化铬作为保护屏障的关键作用。