Self-assembly of block copolymers (BCPs) offers numerous advantages in forming membranes with ordered porous architectures, showcasing their potential applications in membrane-based separation applications. However, the spontaneous accumulation of various foulants or biofoulants on the membrane surface severely hampers their practical applicability. Establishing stable functionalization of BCPs to create an anti(−bio)fouling surface without compromising the porous morphology of membranes is an ideal choice. In this context, we fabricated an isoporous membrane through the self-assembly of polystyrene-b-poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (PS-b-P4VP) BCP followed by covalent functionalization of pyridine moieties with zwitterionic pyrazolium moieties to obtain dual-charged (containing quaternized pyridinium and zwitterionic pyrazolium moieties) BCP-Py-Z membrane. The functionalization imparted anti(bio)fouling properties to the membranes. After post-functionalization, the quaternized pyridine and sulfobetaine pyrazolium moieties were thoroughly characterized using various techniques. Benefitting from this modification, the BCP-Py-Z membrane exhibited robust bactericidal properties against both E. coli and S. epidermidis bacteria and resulted in reduced fouling with organic compounds. Compared to the pristine BCP membrane, which is severely affected by fouling, the BCP-Py-Z membrane exhibits a much higher BSA rejection (∼95 %) and flux recovery (∼92 %). Most importantly, the BCP-Py-Z membrane consistently maintained its water filtration and flux recovery tendency throughout the continuous dynamic fouling experiment cycle. This work embodies a straightforward and stable surface functionalization method to endow BCP membrane with a strong antifouling surface, which proves advantageous for various membrane-based filtration applications.

中文翻译：

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两性离子吡唑官能化 PS-b-P4VP 嵌段共聚物膜，具有增强的抗（生物）污染性能


嵌段共聚物 （BCP） 的自组装在形成具有有序多孔结构的膜方面具有许多优势，展示了它们在基于膜的分离应用中的潜在应用。然而，各种污垢或生物污垢在膜表面的自发积累严重阻碍了它们的实际适用性。建立 BCP 的稳定功能化以产生抗（生物）污染表面，而不影响膜的多孔形态是一种理想的选择。在此背景下，我们通过聚苯乙烯-b-聚（4-乙烯基吡啶）（PS-b-P4VP） BCP 的自组装，然后将吡啶部分与两性离子吡唑部分共价官能化，制备了一种等孔膜，以获得双电荷（包含季铵化吡啶和两性离子吡唑鎓部分）BCP-Py-Z 膜。官能化赋予膜抗（生物）污染特性。功能化后，使用各种技术对季铵化吡啶和磺基甜菜碱吡唑部分进行彻底表征。受益于这种修饰，BCP-Py-Z 膜对大肠杆菌和表皮葡萄球菌都表现出强大的杀菌特性，并导致减少有机化合物的污染。与受污染严重影响的原始 BCP 膜相比，BCP-Py-Z 膜表现出更高的 BSA 截留率 （∼95%） 和助焊剂回收率 （∼92%）。最重要的是，BCP-Py-Z 膜在整个连续动态结垢实验周期中始终保持其水过滤和助焊剂回收趋势。 这项工作体现了一种简单而稳定的表面功能化方法，赋予 BCP 膜强大的防污表面，这被证明有利于各种基于膜的过滤应用。