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PGC 44685: A Dwarf Star-forming Lenticular Galaxy with a Wolf–Rayet Population
The Astrophysical Journal ( IF 4.8 ) Pub Date : 2024-11-19 , DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ad8349
Shiying Lu, Qiusheng Gu, Yulong Gao, Yong Shi, Luwenjia Zhou, Rubén García-Benito, Xiangdong Li, Jiantong Cui, Xin Li, Liuze Long and Zhengyi Chen

Lenticular galaxies (S0s) are formed mainly from the gas stripping of spirals in the cluster. But how S0s form and evolve in the field is still in need of being resolved. Based on spatially resolved observations from the optical Hispanic Astronomical Center in Andalusia 3.5 m telescope with the PPAK Integral Field Spectroscopy instrument and Northern Extended Millimeter Array, we study a dwarf (M* < 109 M⊙) S0, PGC 44685, with triple star-forming regions in the central region, namely, A, B, and C, respectively. In northwest region C, we clearly detect the spectral features of Wolf–Rayet (W-R) stars and quantify the W-R population by stacking spectra with high W-R significance. Most of the molecular gas is concentrated in region C(W-R), and there is diffuse gas around regions A and B. The W-R region possesses the strongest intensities of Hα, CO(1–0), and 3 mm continuum, indicating its ongoing violent star formation (gas depletion timescale ≲25 Myr) with tentative hundreds (<500) km s−1 of stellar winds accompanied by the W-R phase. Most (∼96%) of the three star-forming regions show relatively low-metallicity distributions, suggesting possible (minor) accretions of metal-poor gas that trigger the subsequent complex star formation in a field S0 galaxy. We speculate that PGC 44685 will become quiescent in less than 30 Myr if there is no new molecular gas to provide raw materials for star formation. The existence of this dwarf star-forming S0 presents an example of star formation in the low-mass/metallicity S0 galaxy.

中文翻译:


PGC 44685:具有 Wolf-Rayet 种群的矮星形成透镜星系



荚状星系 (S0s) 主要是由星系团中螺旋的气体剥离形成的。但 S0 在该领域的形成和演变仍有待解决。基于安达卢西亚西班牙光学天文中心 3.5 m 望远镜使用 PPAK 积分场光谱仪和北方扩展毫米波阵列进行的空间分辨观测,我们研究了一颗矮星 (M* < 109 M⊙) S0,PGC 44685,在中心区域具有三重恒星形成区域,分别是 A、B 和 C。在西北区域 C,我们清楚地检测到了 Wolf-Rayet (W-R) 星的光谱特征,并通过堆叠具有高 W-R 显著性的光谱来量化 W-R 种群。大部分分子气体集中在 C 区 (W-R),在 A 区和 B 周围有扩散气体。W-R 区域具有最强的 Hα、CO(1-0) 和 3 mm 连续体强度,表明它正在剧烈地形成恒星(气体消耗时间尺度 ≲25 Myr),暂定有数百 (<500) km s-1 的恒星风伴随着 W-R 阶段。这三个恒星形成区域中的大多数 (∼96%) 显示出相对较低的金属丰度分布,这表明可能(轻微的)贫金属气体吸积,从而触发随后在场 S0 星系中形成复杂的恒星。我们推测,如果没有新的分子气体为恒星形成提供原材料,PGC 44685 将在不到 30 Myr 的时间内变为静止状态。这种矮星形成 S0 的存在是低质量/金属丰度 S0 星系中恒星形成的一个例子。
更新日期:2024-11-19
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