Dig-limits optimization is one of the most important steps in the grade control process at open-pit mines. It aims to send blasted materials to their optimal destinations to maximize the profitability of mining projects. Grade and blast movement are key uncertainties that affect the optimal determination of dig-limits. This paper presents an integrated workflow for optimizing dig-limits under grade and blast movement uncertainties. The proposed methodology incorporates these uncertainties into the grade control process to enhance material classification and destination optimization, thereby minimizing ore loss and dilution. A multivariate geostatistical simulation workflow is developed to capture spatial uncertainties in grade distribution and blast movement distance and direction. By applying projection pursuit multivariate transformation and sequential Gaussian simulation for modeling blast movement distances at all locations and flitches within the bench section, the anticipated D-like shape from blasting is reproduced, and uncertainty is quantified. The maximum expected profit method effectively determines optimal material destinations under uncertainty improving overall mining profitability. The proposed risk-based dig-limits optimization model accounts for mining equipment selectivity, irregular bench shapes, and varying orebody orientations, resulting in operational and economically viable dig-limits. A case study on a porphyry copper deposit demonstrated the significant impact of blast movement on ore loss and dilution, emphasizing the need for accurate blast movement modeling and its integration into grade control procedures. By accounting for differential blast movement, the proposed workflow ensures reliable post-blast material classifications, reducing suboptimal decisions, thus improving project profitability and operational efficiency.

挖坑限值优化是露天矿品位控制过程中最重要的步骤之一。它旨在将喷砂材料送到最佳目的地，以最大限度地提高采矿项目的盈利能力。品位和爆破运动是影响最佳确定挖掘极限的关键不确定性。本文提出了一种集成工作流程，用于在坡度和爆炸运动不确定性下优化挖掘极限。所提出的方法将这些不确定性纳入品位控制过程，以加强材料分类和目标优化，从而最大限度地减少矿石损失和稀释。开发了多元地统计模拟工作流，用于捕获坡度分布和爆炸运动距离和方向的空间不确定性。通过应用投影追踪多元变换和顺序高斯模拟来模拟台阶截面内所有位置的爆炸运动距离和故障，再现了爆破的预期 D 形，并量化了不确定性。最大预期利润法在不确定性下有效地确定了最佳物料目的地，从而提高了整体采矿盈利能力。所提出的基于风险的挖掘极限优化模型考虑了采矿设备的选择性、不规则的台阶形状和不同的矿体方向，从而产生了运营和经济上可行的挖掘极限。对斑岩铜矿床的案例研究表明，爆破运动对矿石损失和稀释有重大影响，强调了精确的爆破运动建模并将其集成到品位控制程序中的必要性。 通过考虑不同的爆炸运动，所提出的工作流程确保了可靠的爆炸后材料分类，减少了次优决策，从而提高了项目盈利能力和运营效率。