The global mobility of people has transformed how multinational enterprises (MNEs) manage and benefit from multiple locations. We examine the changing locational boundedness of human capital with globalization and how this has impacted the competitiveness of MNEs. The growing use of quasi-internalization through the active reliance on global value chains and outsourcing has altered the way MNEs spatially organize their activities to optimize their access to human capital, a key source of ownership advantages. We identify areas for further research, including new strategies for managing human resources using these new forms of cross-border governance. Collectively, the papers in this special issue provide insights into how MNEs can leverage the movement and reorganization of their human capital to enhance their unique capabilities and succeed in international business.

人员的全球流动性改变了跨国企业 （MNE） 管理多个地点并从中受益的方式。我们研究了全球化对人力资本地域限制的变化，以及这如何影响跨国企业的竞争力。通过积极依赖全球价值链和外包，越来越多地使用准内部化，这改变了跨国企业在空间上组织活动的方式，以优化其获得人力资本的机会，而人力资本是所有权优势的关键来源。我们确定了需要进一步研究的领域，包括使用这些新形式的跨境治理来管理人力资源的新策略。总的来说，本期特刊中的论文提供了关于跨国企业如何利用其人力资本的流动和重组来增强其独特能力并在国际业务中取得成功的见解。