Coupling of piezoelectric and semiconducting properties can stimulate a field-particle coupling wave (FPCW) between electric field and charge carriers on an elastic wave-front (EWF) propagating in a piezoelectric semiconductor. The wave velocity of a FPCW is usually greater than the EWF as vibration frequency rises such that carrier behavior on and in front of the EWF will be disturbed in advance. This interaction between two waves can stimulate a few novel dynamic features which are of obvious significance for the research and development of innovative piezoelectric electronic devices. Hence, we firstly established a dynamic model on the propagation processes of elastic waves in piezoelectric semiconductors and developed an alternately iterative algorithm between piezoelectric and semiconducting properties in this paper. Then, the propagation behavior of an elastic wave in an n-type ZnO rod was taken as an example to elucidate the dispersion and dissipation arising from the coupling between electric field and charge carriers. It was found that the action of a FPCW on the EWF can stir up previously undiscovered bizarre features in the following two aspects. One is the energy transfer between different frequency wave components from low-order to high-order vibration modes implemented by the flow of charge carriers, where the transfer process bears a resemblance story to the ‘vacated room’ operation in Hilbert's paradox of the Grand Hotel. The other more intriguing one is that when a tensile/compressive deformation signal is input, an opposite phase signal will be induced at the leading edge of the EWF by the FPCW through the inverse piezoelectric effect, meaning the appearance of a compressive/tensile signal in front of the input tensile/compressive one. The reason to appear such a phenomenon is that the electric field phase of the FPCW is precisely opposite to the one on the corresponding EWF. Evidently, the present studies will advance the integration and development of elastic dynamics and semiconductor physics, thereby providing valuable guidance for the research and development of new electronic devices.

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关于具有压电和半导体耦合特性的压电半导体中的弹性波传播


压电和半导体特性的耦合可以在压电半导体中传播的弹性波前 （EWF） 上刺激电场和电荷载流子之间的场粒耦合波 （FPCW）。随着振动频率的升高，FPCW 的波速通常大于 EWF，因此 EWF 上和前面的载流子行为会提前受到干扰。两个波之间的这种相互作用可以激发一些新颖的动力学特征，这些特征对创新压电电子器件的研发具有明显的意义。因此，我们首先建立了弹性波在压电半导体中传播过程的动力学模型，并在本文中开发了一种压电和半导体特性之间的交替迭代算法。然后，以弹性波在 n 型 ZnO 棒中的传播行为为例，阐明了电场和电荷载流子耦合产生的色散和耗散。研究发现，FPCW 对 EWF 的作用可以在以下两个方面激起以前未被发现的奇异特征。一种是由载流子流动实现的不同频波分量之间的能量转移，从低阶到高阶振动模式，其中转移过程类似于希尔伯特大酒店悖论中的“空房间”操作。另一个更有趣的是，当输入拉伸/压缩变形信号时，FPCW 将通过逆压电效应在 EWF 的前沿感应出相反相位的信号，这意味着在输入拉伸/压缩信号之前出现压缩/拉伸信号。 出现这种现象的原因是 FPCW 的电场相位与相应 EWF 上的电场相位正好相反。显然，本研究将推动弹性动力学和半导体物理学的融合和发展，从而为新型电子器件的研发提供有价值的指导。