Photovoltaic double skin façades are crucial tools for mitigating the escalating energy consumption in buildings. However, current simulation studies often neglect the variation in solar spectra and focus on only limited operational modes, resulting in incomplete and less accurate modeling. In response to these limitations, this study proposes an improved numerical model incorporating temporal spectral variations and non-uniform surface temperatures, which comprehensively encompasses all operational modes of photovoltaic double skin facades. Real-time solar spectra are acquired using specialized software and remote sensing data, while the transportation and conversion of radiation energy will be solely solved at individual wavelength steps, providing the model with spectrum resolution. Built on the fundamental principles of optics, thermodynamics, and hydromechanics, the proposed two-dimensional numerical model consistently demonstrates desirable accuracy across various airflow paths and mechanical ventilation conditions. Based on the proposed model, the feasibility of the previously proposed parameter-based control strategy is proved, which offers potential energy savings of 25.9–341.6 MJ compared to the radical strategy and 67.5–170.7 MJ compared to the conservative strategy. The photovoltaic efficiency drop due to spectral mismatch is also quantified as about 15–35 %. These results highlight the potential of the proposed model as an efficient tool for future research.

中文翻译：

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改进的光伏双层立面数值建模与光谱考虑：方法与研究


光伏双层幕墙是缓解建筑物能耗上升的重要工具。然而，当前的仿真研究往往忽视了太阳光谱的变化，只关注有限的操作模式，导致建模不完整且精度较低。针对这些限制，本研究提出了一种改进的数值模型，该模型结合了时间光谱变化和非均匀表面温度，全面涵盖了光伏双层表皮幕墙的所有操作模式。实时太阳光谱是使用专用软件和遥感数据获取的，而辐射能量的传输和转换将仅在单个波长步长上求解，从而为模型提供光谱分辨率。建立在光学、热力学和流体力学的基本原理之上，所提出的二维数值模型在各种气流路径和机械通风条件下始终显示出理想的精度。基于所提出的模型，证明了先前提出的基于参数的控制策略的可行性，与根式策略相比，该策略的潜在节能量为 25.9–341.6 MJ，与保守策略相比，可节省 67.5–170.7 MJ。由于光谱失配导致的光伏效率下降也被量化为约 15-35%。这些结果突出了所提出的模型作为未来研究有效工具的潜力。