Due to their substantial energy density, rapid charging and discharging rates, and extended lifespan, lithium-ion batteries have attained broad application across various industries. However, their limited theoretical capacity struggles to meet the growing demand for battery capacity in consumer electronics, automotive, and aerospace applications. As a promising substitute, solid-state lithium-metal batteries (SSLBs) have emerged, utilizing a lithium-metal anode that boasts a significant theoretical specific capacity and non-flammable solid-state electrolytes (SSEs) to address energy density limitations and safety concerns. For SSLBs to attain large-scale commercial viability, SSEs require heightened ionic-conductivity, improved mechanical characteristics, and enhanced chemical and electrochemical stability. Furthermore, tackling the challenges related to interfacial contacts between SSEs and the lithium-metal anode is imperative. This review comprehensively overviews the primary methods used to prepare garnet SSEs and summarizes doping strategies for various sites on Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ (LLZO) garnet SSEs, aiming to optimize the crystal phase to achieve more favorable properties in SSE applications. Additionally, it discusses strategies for modifying the interfacial contact between the lithium-metal anode and SSEs, classifying them into three areas: surface modification, interlayer-modification, and composite anodes. This review aims to serve as a valuable reference for future researchers working on high-performance garnet SSEs and effective interfacial-modification strategies.

中文翻译：

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石榴石型固态电解质：增强型锂金属电池的晶体相位调节和界面修饰


由于其高能量密度、快速充放电速率和更长的使用寿命，锂离子电池已在各个行业获得广泛应用。然而，它们有限的理论容量难以满足消费电子、汽车和航空航天应用对电池容量日益增长的需求。固态锂金属电池 （SSLB） 作为一种很有前途的替代品已经出现，它利用具有显着理论比容量的锂金属负极和不易燃的固态电解质 （SSE） 来解决能量密度限制和安全问题。为了使 SSLB 获得大规模的商业可行性，SSE 需要更高的离子电导率、改进的机械特性以及增强的化学和电化学稳定性。此外，应对与 SISE 和锂金属阳极之间的界面接触相关的挑战势在必行。本文全面概述了制备石榴石 SSE 的主要方法，并总结了 Li₇La₃Zr₂O₁₂ （LLZO） 石榴石 SSE 上不同位点的掺杂策略，旨在优化晶相，在 SSE 应用中实现更有利的性能。此外，它还讨论了改变锂金属负极和 SSE 之间界面接触的策略，将它们分为三个领域：表面改性、层间改性和复合阳极。本综述旨在为未来研究人员研究高性能石榴石 SSE 和有效的界面修饰策略提供有价值的参考。