Blade‐coating techniques have attracted significant attention for perovskite solar cells (PSCs) due to their high precursor utilization and simplicity. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of blade‐coated PSCs often lags behind that of spin‐coated devices, mainly due to difficulties in precisely controlling perovskite film formation during pre‐nucleation, heterogeneous nucleation, and crystallization in the blade‐coating and N2‐knife drying processes. In this work, a three‐step restraining strategy is introduced utilizing functional glycine amide hydrochloride to regulate pre‐nucleation clustering, suppress excessive heterogeneous nucleation, and decelerate crystallization, enabling comprehensive control of the perovskite film formation processes. This approach results in enlarged grains, reduced defect densities, and highly oriented crystalline wide‐bandgap perovskite films with significantly prolonged carrier lifetimes, achieving a maximum PCE of 19.97% for 1.77 eV‐bandgap blade‐coated PSCs. Furthermore, two‐terminal tandem cells, composed of wide‐bandgap perovskite top cells and 1.25 eV‐bandgap perovskite bottom cells fabricated via blade coating, yield an impressive PCE of 27.11% (stabilized at 26.87%). This study offers comprehensive insights into controlling pre‐nucleation, heterogeneous nucleation, and crystallization during blade coating, providing valuable guidance for developing high‐performance, large‐area devices in the future.

中文翻译：

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通过三步抑制策略实现高效的叶片涂层宽带隙和串联钙钛矿太阳能电池


叶片涂层技术因其前驱体的高利用率和简单性而引起了钙钛矿太阳能电池 （PSC） 的广泛关注。然而，叶片涂层 PSC 的功率转换效率 （PCE） 通常落后于旋涂器件，这主要是由于在叶片涂层和 N2 刀干燥过程中难以精确控制预成核、异质成核和结晶过程中钙钛矿薄膜的形成。在这项工作中，引入了一种三步抑制策略，利用功能性甘氨酸酰胺盐酸盐来调节成核前聚集，抑制过度的异质成核，并减慢结晶，从而能够全面控制钙钛矿薄膜的形成过程。这种方法导致晶粒扩大，缺陷密度降低，高度取向的结晶宽带隙钙钛矿薄膜，载流子寿命显著延长，1.77 eV 带隙叶片涂层的 PSC 的最大 PCE 为 19.97%。此外，由宽带隙钙钛矿顶部电池和通过叶片涂层制造的 1.25 eV 带隙钙钛矿底部电池组成的双末端串联电池产生了令人印象深刻的 27.11% 的 PCE（稳定在 26.87%）。本研究为叶片涂层过程中控制预成核、异质成核和结晶提供了全面的见解，为未来开发高性能、大面积器件提供了有价值的指导。