Carbon neutrality is a fundamental strategy for achieving the sustainable development of human society. Catalyzing CO₂ reduction into various high-value-added fuels serves as an effective pathway to achieve this strategic objective. Atom-dispersed catalysts have received extensive attention due to their maximum atomic utilization, high catalytic selectivity, and exceptional catalytic performance. Dual-atom catalysts (DACs), as an extension of single-atom catalysts (SACs), not only retain the advantages of SACs, but also produce many new properties. This review initiates its exploration by elucidating the mechanism of CO₂ reduction reaction (CO₂RR) from CO₂ adsorption and CO₂ activation. Then, a comprehensive summary of recently developed preparation methods of DACs is presented. Importantly, the mechanisms underlying the promoted catalytic performance of DACs in comparison to SACs are subjected to a comprehensive analysis from adjustable adsorption capacity, tunable electronic structure, strong synergistic effect, and enhanced spacing effect, elucidating their respective superiorities in CO₂RR. Subsequently, the application of DACs in CO₂RR is discussed in detail. Conclusively, the prospective trajectories and inherent challenges of CO₂RR are expounded upon concerning the continued advancement of DACs. This thorough review not only enhances the comprehension of DACs within CO₂RR but also accentuates the prospective developments in the design of sophisticated catalytic materials.

中文翻译：

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实现碳中和的战略：聚焦双原子催化剂


碳中和是实现人类社会可持续发展的基本战略。催化 CO₂ 还原成各种高附加值燃料是实现这一战略目标的有效途径。原子分散催化剂因其最大的原子利用率、高催化选择性和卓越的催化性能而受到广泛关注。双原子催化剂 （DAC） 作为单原子催化剂 （SAC） 的延伸，不仅保留了 SAC 的优点，而且还产生了许多新性质。本文通过阐明 CO₂ 吸附和 CO₂ 活化引起的 CO₂ 还原反应 （CO₂RR） 的机制来开始探索。然后，全面总结了最近开发的 DACs 制备方法。重要的是，从可调吸附容量、可调电子结构、强协同效应和增强间距效应等方面综合分析了 DACs 与 SACs 相比促进催化性能的机制，阐明了它们在 CO₂RR 中各自的优势。随后，详细讨论了 DAC 在 CO₂RR 中的应用。最后，阐述了 CO₂RR 的前瞻性轨迹和内在挑战，以促进 DAC 的持续发展。这种彻底的综述不仅增强了对 CO₂RR 中 DAC 的理解，而且还强调了复杂催化材料设计方面的前瞻性发展。