Non-sugar sweeteners (NSS), low- or no-calorie alternatives to sugar, are marketed for weight loss and improved blood glucose control in people with diabetes. However, their health effects remain controversial. This review provides a brief overview of sweet taste perception and summarizes experimental findings of the impact of NSS on cardiometabolic health in animal models and humans. We also review evidence suggesting that many NSS are not metabolically inert, highlighting the challenges in related human studies. Given the conflicting and unclear data on health outcomes, additional mechanistic studies, particularly in animal models, are necessary to clarify how NSS influence feeding behaviors and energy homoeostasis.

中文翻译：

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非糖甜味剂对新陈代谢的影响超出了甜味感知。


无糖甜味剂 （NSS） 是糖的低热量或无热量替代品，用于减轻糖尿病患者的体重和改善血糖控制。然而，它们对健康的影响仍然存在争议。本综述简要概述了甜味感知，并总结了 NSS 对动物模型和人类心脏代谢健康影响的实验结果。我们还回顾了表明许多 NSS 没有代谢惰性的证据，强调了相关人体研究的挑战。鉴于关于健康结果的数据相互矛盾和不明确，需要额外的机制研究，特别是在动物模型中，以阐明 NSS 如何影响摄食行为和能量平衡。