Version 5.2 SO2 data from the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment Fourier transform spectrometer (ACE-FTS) in low Earth orbit are used to determine global altitude–latitude abundance distributions. This new data set has SO2 volume mixing ratios (VMRs) from 11.5 to 39.5 km in altitude from February 2004 to July 2023. The average background SO2 abundance is plotted along with the abundance for four different seasons. These distributions show that there is a stratospheric source of SO2 that comes from the decline in sulfate aerosol abundance with increasing altitude. The visible and near-infrared photolysis of sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is the primary source of SO2 in the middle stratosphere. There is also a source of SO2 in the upper stratosphere and mesosphere. The Brewer-Dobson circulation enhances SO2 at higher altitudes, particularly by descent near the winter pole. The elevated abundance of SO2 near the poles originates from meteoric sources as well as UV photolysis of H2SO4 in the mesosphere. Large volcanic eruptions release sulfur dioxide (SO2) into the lower stratosphere, where it persists for several months.

中文翻译：

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平流层中的二氧化硫来源


来自近地轨道大气化学实验傅里叶变换光谱仪 （ACE-FTS） 的 5.2 版 SO2 数据用于确定全球高度-纬度丰度分布。这个新数据集的 SO2 体积混合比 （VMR） 从 2004 年 2 月到 2023 年 7 月从 11.5 公里到 39.5 公里不等。绘制了平均背景 SO2 丰度以及四个不同季节的丰度。这些分布表明，SO2 的平流层来源来自硫酸盐气溶胶丰度随着海拔的增加而下降。硫酸 （H2SO4） 的可见光和近红外光解是中平流层中 SO2 的主要来源。在平流层上部和中间层也有 SO2 的来源。布鲁尔-多布森环流在较高海拔地区增强了 SO2，尤其是在冬季极点附近下降时。两极附近 SO2 丰度升高来自陨石源以及中间层 H2SO4 的紫外线光解。大型火山喷发将二氧化硫 （SO2） 释放到平流层下部，并在那里持续数月。