Floods rank among the most widespread and destructive natural hazards worldwide. The progressive degradation, impairment, and breach of earthen riverine levees can occur in both natural and anthropogenic environments, stemming from various scenarios or sequences of events. These may include hydraulic failure due to overtopping because of inadequate height, and structural failure occurring even prior to overtopping, due to insufficient geotechnical and hydraulic characteristics combined with external and internal erosion.

中文翻译：

---

整合季节性频域电磁勘测和地质数据，用于评估土堤系统的完整性。帕纳罗河（意大利北部）案例研究


洪水是全球范围最广、最具破坏性的自然灾害之一。土河堤坝的逐渐退化、损害和决口可能发生在自然和人为环境中，源于各种情景或事件序列。这些可能包括由于高度不足而造成的水力破坏，以及由于岩土工程和水力特性不足以及外部和内部侵蚀而在覆盖之前发生的结构破坏。