High stress in surrounding rock will lead to serious problems, e.g., rock burst in hard rock and large deformation in soft rock. The applied support system under high in-situ stress conditions should be able to carry high load and also accommodate large deformation without experiencing severe damage. In this paper, a specially designed energy-absorbing component for rock bolt and cable that can solve the above problems was proposed. The energy-absorbing component can provide support resistance by plastic deformation of the metal including constraint annulus and compression pipe. For practical engineering, two forms were proposed. One was installed in the surrounding rock by reaming, and the other was installed directly outside the surrounding rock. During the dilation of the surrounding rock, the relative displacement of constraint annulus and compression pipe occurs, resulting in deformation resistance. Deformation resistance is transmitted to the rock bolt or cable, providing support resistance. The lab test and numerical simulation showed that the energy-absorbing component can perfectly achieve the large deformation effect, the deformation amount is as high as 694 mm, and the bearing capacity is stable at 367 kN. The field application tests were carried out in the mining roadway of Xinjulong coal mine, and the results showed that the new type of cable can ensure itself not to break under the condition of large deformation of the surrounding rock. The energy-absorbing component has the superiorities of performing large constant resistance and controllable deformation to effectively control the unpredictable disasters such as large deformation in soft rock and rock burst in hard rock encountered in deep strata.

中文翻译：

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一种用于高应力隧道岩石支护的新型可变形索：钢管收缩吸能索


围岩的高应力会导致严重的问题，例如硬岩中的岩石爆炸和软岩中的大变形。在高原位应力条件下施加的支座系统应该能够承受高载荷，并且能够承受较大的变形而不会造成严重损坏。本文提出了一种专门设计的用于锚杆和锚索的吸能构件，可以解决上述问题。能量吸收组件可以通过金属的塑性变形（包括约束环和压缩管）提供支撑阻力。对于实际工程，提出了两种形式。一个通过扩孔安装在周围的岩石中，另一个直接安装在周围的岩石外面。在围岩膨胀过程中，约束环空和压缩管发生相对位移，产生变形阻力。变形阻力传递到岩石锚杆或电缆，提供支撑阻力。室内试验和数值模拟表明，吸能构件能完美实现大变形效果，变形量高达694 mm，承载力稳定在367 kN。在新居龙煤矿的采矿巷道进行了现场应用试验，结果表明，新型索能保证在围岩大变形的情况下自身不断裂。吸能组件具有恒阻大、变形可控等优点，能有效控制深层遇到的软岩大变形、硬岩岩爆等不可预知的灾害。