Autonomous vehicles safeguard the security and efficiency of Internet of Vehicles systems in small industrial parks by authenticating and exchanging real-time information with transportation infrastructure. Deploying a multi-server framework reduces the risk of message blocking and privacy information leakage from centralized services. However, in traditional handover authentication protocols, there are still potential security risks such as high-overhead performance issues and single point of failure attacks. Therefore, it is considered challenging to realize efficient authentication while protecting the privacy of vehicles. In this paper, we propose a secure and efficient handover authentication protocol for autonomous vehicles in a small industrial park to address the challenges. The protocol is based on blockchain and Pedersen verifiable secret sharing scheme, which not only ensures lightweight real-time interactions between autonomous vehicles and edge servers in multi-server environments, but also strictly protects the security and privacy of both vehicles and edge servers. We prove the semantic security of the protocol under the Real-Or-Random model and perform a informal analysis of its security attributes to show that it can withstand a wide range of malicious attacks. Performance evaluation shows that the proposed protocol satisfies more security requirements and has better computational efficiency and communication cost than other related protocols.

中文翻译：

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基于区块链的小型工业园区车联网认证协议


自动驾驶汽车通过验证并与交通基础设施交换实时信息，保障小型工业园区中车辆联网系统的安全性和效率。部署多服务器框架可降低集中式服务的消息阻塞和隐私信息泄露的风险。但是，在传统的切换身份验证协议中，仍然存在潜在的安全风险，例如高开销性能问题和单点故障攻击。因此，在保护车辆隐私的同时实现高效的身份验证被认为是具有挑战性的。在本文中，我们为小型工业园区的自动驾驶汽车提出了一种安全高效的交接身份验证协议，以应对这些挑战。该协议基于区块链和 Pedersen 可验证秘密共享方案，不仅保证了多服务器环境下自动驾驶汽车和边缘服务器之间的轻量级实时交互，还严格保护了车辆和边缘服务器的安全和隐私。我们在 Real-Or-Random 模型下证明了协议的语义安全性，并对其安全属性进行了非正式分析，以表明它可以承受广泛的恶意攻击。性能评估表明，与其他相关协议相比，所提协议满足更多的安全要求，具有更好的计算效率和通信成本。