This study estimates the home country effect on multinational firm performance using data from 117 home countries (28,079 firms) and 123 host countries (85,579 affiliates) from 2010 to 2019. Using a variance decomposition approach, we find that the effect explains a sizable portion of variance between firms but is mostly trivial for performance differences among foreign affiliates within firms. These findings complement and improve research on location effects, informing the debate on the conceptualization of the home country effect. We revise assumptions about the transferability of homegrown advantages and highlight the importance of aligning theory and empirics in understanding performance differences globally.

中文翻译：

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母国对公司内部绩效差异的影响


本研究使用 2010 年至 2019 年来自 117 个母国（28,079 家公司）和 123 个东道国（85,579 家附属公司）的数据估计母国对跨国公司绩效的影响。使用方差分解方法，我们发现该效应解释了公司之间相当大一部分方差，但对于公司内部外国附属公司之间的绩效差异来说，大多数是微不足道的。这些发现补充并改进了对位置效应的研究，为关于母国效应概念化的辩论提供了信息。我们修改了关于本土优势可转移性的假设，并强调了将理论和实证相结合在理解全球性能差异方面的重要性。