Two questions persist regarding global value chains (GVCs): First, what are the strategies and pathways through which multinational enterprises (MNEs) integrate and navigate GVCs? Second, what are the characteristics of GVCs in which MNEs participate? An analysis of these questions leads to inside–out and outside–in perspectives on GVCs. The literature on MNEs mostly focuses on the quantity and quality of foreign direct investment rather than on the differences in MNEs’ production activities and structure of GVCs. This study examines the effects of MNEs’ participation in simple and complex GVCs on domestic innovation. We find that the positive effects are mainly driven by MNEs’ downstream participation in simple GVCs. The mechanism tests indicate that MNEs’ upstreamness within simple GVCs negatively affects domestic firms’ absorption capacity and internal R&D and that within simple and complex GVCs negatively affects domestic firms’ export resilience.

中文翻译：

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外国跨国全球价值链参与与国内创新：从内到外和由外而内看待全球价值链


关于全球价值链 （GVC） 仍然存在两个问题：首先，跨国企业 （MNE） 整合和驾驭全球价值链的战略和途径是什么？其次，跨国企业参与的全球价值链有哪些特点？对这些问题的分析导致了对全球价值链的由内而外和由外而内的视角。关于跨国企业的文献主要关注外国直接投资的数量和质量，而不是跨国企业生产活动和全球价值链结构的差异。本研究考察了跨国企业参与简单和复杂全球价值链对国内创新的影响。研究发现，积极影响主要由跨国企业下游参与简单全球价值链驱动。机制检验表明，跨国企业在简单全球价值链中的上游性对国内企业的吸收能力和内部研发产生负面影响，而在简单和复杂全球价值链中，跨国企业对国内企业的出口韧性产生负面影响。