The growing tension around land use issues is pressuring public authorities to regulate land use due to factors such as climate change and biodiversity preservation. Third-party actors, like non-profit organizations, play a significant role in land policies by owning land, monitoring conservation easements, and influencing regulatory decisions through expertise, media campaigns, and legal actions. This article aims to understand the strategies of environmental organizations to engage in land policies in Western European countries. It highlights the various actions these organizations use to impact land planning and regulation, including market-based instruments, political lobbying, and public campaigning. Using a Swiss case study based on document analysis and expert interviews, the study reveals the dual role of environmental organizations, as both allies and competitors of public authorities in achieving their objectives. Consequently, the paper demonstrates that environmental organizations act as crucial intermediaries in the development of land policies. Finally, the article recommends that planners and land-use experts disclose any intermediation relationships or regulatory roles supported by environmental organizations to increase transparency and accountability in land policy.

中文翻译：

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环保组织对土地政策的参与：瑞士 Pro Natura 的案例研究


由于气候变化和生物多样性保护等因素，围绕土地使用问题的日益紧张正在迫使公共当局监管土地使用。第三方行为者（如非营利组织）通过拥有土地、监控保护地役权以及通过专业知识、媒体活动和法律行动影响监管决策，在土地政策中发挥着重要作用。本文旨在了解西欧国家环保组织参与土地政策的策略。它强调了这些组织用来影响土地规划和监管的各种行动，包括基于市场的工具、政治游说和公共运动。该研究使用基于文件分析和专家访谈的瑞士案例研究，揭示了环境组织的双重作用，即在实现其目标方面既是公共机构的盟友，也是竞争者。因此，本文表明，环保组织在制定土地政策方面发挥着至关重要的中介作用。最后，文章建议规划者和土地使用专家披露环境组织支持的任何中介关系或监管角色，以提高土地政策的透明度和问责制。