The catalytic hydrogenation of fumaric acid, a prominent bioplatform molecule, was evaluated over PdRe/SiO2 within a variety of reaction media compositions comprising methanol, water, supercritical CO2, and their assorted combinations with H2, across a range of temperature and pressure regimes. Meticulous manipulation of the reaction media composition facilitated the precise modulation of catalytic activity to favor specific hydrogenation products. For instance, within a water-saturated supercritical CO2 medium, γ-butyrolactone exhibited a noteworthy 89 % selectivity at 188°C under 250 bar total pressure, whereas in the methanol-containing supercritical CO2 system, hydrogenation displayed a remarkable 91 % selectivity towards tetrahydrofuran at 175°C and 250 bar. This investigation underscores the multifaceted influence of CO2, extending beyond its pressure-derived effects - it functions as a solvent, selectively favoring catalytic pathways and enhancing product selectivity.

中文翻译：

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调整富马酸与超临界 CO2 催化加氢的选择性


在一系列温度和压力条件下，在各种反应介质组成（包括甲醇、水、超临界 CO2 及其与 H2 的各种组合）中，通过 PdRe/SiO2 评估了富马酸（一种重要的生物平台分子）的催化加氢反应。对反应介质成分的细致操纵有助于精确调节催化活性，以支持特定的氢化产物。例如，在水饱和的超临界 CO2 介质中，γ-丁内酯在 188°C 和 250 bar 总压力下表现出值得注意的 89% 选择性，而在含甲醇的超临界 CO2 系统中，加氢反应在 175°C 和 250 bar 下对四氢呋喃表现出显著的 91% 选择性。这项研究强调了 CO2 的多方面影响，超越了其压力衍生效应——它作为溶剂发挥作用，选择性地有利于催化途径并增强产品选择性。