Driven by the global imperative for the geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste (HLW), notable progress has been made in predicting radionuclide transport within fractured rocks. Current research has recognized that the presence of colloids may significantly influence radionuclide transport. However, challenges remain in understanding and quantifying this process from a multi-scale perspective. This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent developments in understanding the role of colloids in facilitating radionuclide transport in multi-scale fractured rocks. We first revisit the fundamental characteristics and processes controlling the transport of colloids and radionuclides in fractured rocks, including the properties of fractured rocks, colloids, and radionuclides, as well as their complex interactions. Furthermore, we discuss recent advancements in lab- and field-scale experiments and modeling techniques that shed light on the mechanisms controlling colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport. The focus then shifts to scaling issues, including scale-dependent transport processes and parameters, as well as the upscaling theories that bridge the gap between lab-scale experiments and field-scale assessments. Finally, we identify unresolved problems and promising development trends in colloid-facilitated radionuclide transport, which offer new opportunities for enhancing the accuracy of long-term safety assessments in HLW geological repositories.

中文翻译：

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将跨尺度见解纳入裂隙岩石中胶体促进放射性核素运输：批判性综述


在全球对高水平放射性废物 （HLW） 进行地质处置的迫切需要的推动下，在预测裂隙岩石内的放射性核素传输方面取得了显着进展。目前的研究已经认识到，胶体的存在可能会显着影响放射性核素的转运。然而，从多尺度角度理解和量化这一过程仍然存在挑战。本文全面概述了了解胶体在促进多尺度裂隙岩石中放射性核素运输中的作用的最新进展。我们首先回顾了控制胶体和放射性核素在裂隙岩石中传输的基本特征和过程，包括裂隙岩石、胶体和放射性核素的性质，以及它们复杂的相互作用。此外，我们讨论了实验室和现场规模实验和建模技术的最新进展，这些技术阐明了控制胶体促进放射性核素转运的机制。然后，重点转移到放大问题上，包括依赖于规模的运输过程和参数，以及弥合实验室规模实验和现场规模评估之间差距的放大理论。最后，我们确定了胶体促进放射性核素运输中未解决的问题和有希望的发展趋势，这为提高高放废物地质储存库中长期安全评估的准确性提供了新的机会。