Shallow bathymetric mapping is important for navigation safety and geomorphologic, hydrologic and oceanographic research. However, field measurements and shipborne sonar are inefficient and dangerous to operate in shallow-water areas. In recent years, owing to its high efficiency, non-contact, and repeated observation benefits, remotely sensed bathymetry has grown quickly and is now being explored in depth. Spectral, photo, laser, and wave-derived bathymetry are among the common methods, which use platforms such as satellites, aircraft, and drones, and sensors such as optical cameras, lasers, and radars. These techniques provide bathymetry for shallow seas, rivers, lakes, and reservoirs. However, existing reviews are either outdated or cover just one aspect of bathymetry; a systematic review is needed. In this study, a bibliometric analysis of peer-reviewed research papers retrieved from the Scopus database was conducted. Based on this analysis, we further summarize the current methods, platforms, sensors, and applications in remote sensing bathymetry, and present our perspectives. Our results indicate that satellite-derived bathymetry is the current focus of this subject, while emerging drones generate higher-resolution bathymetric data. In addition, spectrally derived bathymetry is widely implemented in shallow waters, and laser bathymetry is highly accurate, while wave-derived bathymetry is an effective supplement for existing optical methods in coastal waters. Meanwhile, water penetrating radar, tethered sonar, and satellite altimetry are widely used for inland water bathymetry. However, single bathymetric approaches have their own limitations and typical physical/empirical models are often unable to accurately retrieve water depths in complicated situations. Therefore, remote sensing-based shallow-water bathymetry is moving towards data-driven modeling and multi-source coupling.

中文翻译：

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浅水测深遥感：系统评价


浅水深测绘对于航行安全以及地貌学、水文和海洋学研究非常重要。然而，现场测量和船载声纳效率低下，并且在浅水区操作很危险。近年来，由于其高效、非接触式和重复观测的优势，遥感测深技术发展迅速，目前正在进行深入探索。光谱、照片、激光和波衍生测深是常用方法，它们使用卫星、飞机和无人机等平台以及光学相机、激光和雷达等传感器。这些技术为浅海、河流、湖泊和水库提供测深。然而，现有的评论要么过时，要么只涵盖测深的一个方面;需要进行系统评价。在这项研究中，对从 Scopus 数据库中检索到的同行评审研究论文进行了文献计量分析。在此分析的基础上，我们进一步总结了当前遥感测深的方法、平台、传感器和应用，并提出了我们的观点。我们的结果表明，卫星衍生的测深是该学科的当前重点，而新兴的无人机会产生更高分辨率的测深数据。此外，光谱测深法在浅水区得到广泛应用，激光测深法精度高，而波法测深法是对沿海水域现有光学方法的有效补充。同时，涉水雷达、系留声纳和卫星测高技术被广泛用于内陆水域测深。然而，单一测深方法有其自身的局限性，典型的物理/经验模型在复杂情况下通常无法准确检索水深。 因此，基于遥感的浅水测深法正在朝着数据驱动的建模和多源耦合的方向发展。