The battery metals tin and lithium (SnLi) are key to renewable energy technologies, with demand driving new interest in the formation and exploration of tin granites and lithium-caesium‑tantalum (LCT) pegmatites. These magmatic-hydrothermal systems originate from highly evolved, reduced, peraluminous, volatile-rich granitic melts which develop elevated concentrations of incompatible metals. Tin granite deposits form either as disseminated magmatic cassiterite, or hydrothermal quartz-cassiterite lodes and greisens, with Li-bearing fluids driving late-stage mica alteration to Li-rich varieties. Conversely, LCT pegmatites record a complex crystallization with Li ores forming during primary magmatic crystallization, and Sn associated with hydrothermal overprints.

中文翻译：

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关于锡和锂花岗岩系统：地壳演化视角


电池金属锡和锂 （SnLi） 是可再生能源技术的关键，需求推动了人们对锡花岗岩和锂-铯-钽 （LCT） 伟晶岩的形成和勘探的新兴趣。这些岩浆-热液系统起源于高度进化、还原、过铝、富含挥发物的花岗岩熔体，这些熔体会产生高浓度的不相容金属。锡花岗岩矿床形成浸染岩浆锡石，或热液石英-锡石矿脉和格雷森矿脉，含锂流体驱动晚期云母蚀变为富含锂的品种。相反，LCT 伟晶岩记录了复杂的结晶，在初级岩浆结晶过程中形成锂矿石，而 Sn 与热液叠印相关。